摘要
为了明确稻茬烤烟主栽品种上部烟叶烘烤特性,给稻茬烤烟制定烘烤工艺提供参考,采用暗箱方法和密集烤房“中温中湿”烘烤工艺,探索了湖南稻作烟区主栽品种K326、云烟87和湘烟7号上部烟叶变黄变褐特性、失水特性、叶绿素降解特性、多酚氧化酶活性及淀粉和还原糖含量的变化。结果表明:(1)暗箱试验中湘烟7号、云烟87和K326上部烟叶变黄时间均为40 h;湘烟7号与云烟87褐变时间均为60 h,K326为72 h;3个品种变黄速率差异不显著,K326变褐指数较小。(2)叶绿素降解率为K326>湘烟7号>云烟87,降解均匀度为K326>湘烟7号>云烟87。(3)上部烟叶失水速率为云烟87>K326>湘烟7号。(4)在烘烤变黄期(0~48 h),叶绿素降解量为K326>湘烟7号>云烟87;烘烤末期,湘烟7号的类胡萝卜素降解量最大,K326与云烟87接近。(5)PPO活性的变化规律一致,湘烟7号上部烟叶第1个峰值与云烟87一致,较K326晚12h;湘烟7号第2个峰值出现时间与K326一致,较云烟87晚12h;K326、湘烟7号和云烟87的多酚氧化酶活性平均值分别为0.125、0.127和0.123 U。(6)淀粉降解率为湘烟7号>K326>云烟87;K326、湘烟7号和云烟87的还原糖含量变化类似。综上所述,湖南稻茬烤烟主栽品种上部烟叶烘烤特性存在差异,在制定烘烤工艺时要区别对待。
To clarify the color and material changes of upper leaves of paddy-tobacco in dark box and flue-curing process,and to provide a reference for formulating flue-curing process of upper leaves of paddy-tobacco,the‘medium temperature and medium humidity’curing method was used in dark box and bulk curing room,and the yellowing and browning characteristics,water loss characteristics,chlorophyll degradation characteristics,PPO activity,starch and reducing sugar content of upper leaves of Xiangyan 7,Yunyan 87 and K326 were explored.The results showed that:(1)In the dark box test,the yellowing time for upper leaves of Xiangyan 7,Yunyan 87 and K326 was 40 h;the browning time for Xiangyan 7 and Yunyan 87 was 60 h,and which of K326 was 72 h;there was no significant difference in yellowing rate among the three varieties,and the browning index of K326 was relatively small.(2)Chlorophyll degradation rate was K326>Xiangyan 7>Yunyan 87,degradation uniformity was K326>Xiangyan 7>Yunyan 87.(3)The water loss rate of upper leaves was Yunyan 87>K326>Xiangyan 7.(4)In the yellowing stage(0-48 h),the chlorophyll degradation was K326>Xiangyan 7>Yunyan 87.At the end of curing,Xiangyan 7 had the highest carotenoid degradation,and K326 was close to Yunyan 87.(5)The change rule of PPO activity was consistent,the first peak of upper leaves of Xiangyan 7 was consistent with Yunyan 87,12 h later than K326;the second peak time of Xiangyan 7 was consistent with that of K326,12 h later than that of Yunyan 87.The average PPO activity of K326,Xiangyan 7 and Yunyan 87 was 0.125,0.127 and 0.123 U,respectively.(6)The starch degradation rate was Xiangyan 7>K326>Yunyan 87;the changes of reducing sugar contents in K326,Xiangyan 7 and Yunyan 87 were similar.To sum up,the yellowing and browning,water loss,chlorophyll degradation,and polyphenol oxidase activity in the upper leaves of the three main varieties of paddy-tobacco in Hunan were different,which should be treated differently in formulating the curing technology.
作者
朱林
张仲文
张文军
章程
裴晓东
江智敏
肖志君
胡日生
曹想
邓小华
ZHU Lin;ZHANG Zhongwen;ZHANG Wenjun;ZHANG Cheng;PEI Xiaodong;JIANG Zhimin;XIAO Zhijun;HU Risheng;CAO Xiang;DENG Xiaohua(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128;China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310008;Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province,Changsha 410011;China Tobacco Mid-south Agricultural Experimental Station,Changsha 410004)
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第2期364-371,共8页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
湖南省烟草公司长沙市公司科技项目(CYKJ2018-01)
长沙高可用性上部烟叶关键生产技术研究与应用(21-23A04)共同资助。
关键词
烤烟
变黄变褐
失水
叶绿素降解
多酚氧化酶
活性
flue-cured tobacco
yellowing and browning
water loss
chlorophyll degradation
polyphenol oxidase(PPO)
activity
