摘要
[目的/意义]按照系统论观点,多方法研究中不同方法、技术和工具并非孤立发生作用,而是通过确立的相互关系和组织秩序,作为整体中的要素综合于具体的科学理论创立和解释过程之中。为弥补人们对多方法过程结构关注的不足,并从知识单元和语用层次探索多方法使用的现象与规律,文章提出多方法过程结构分析理论和方法。[方法/过程]首先,通过文献调研与理论梳理,提出创新背景、理论基础、一般步骤。其次,以我国图书情报领域为例,选取社会网络分析方法(SNA)研究论文为实证对象,结合CNKI与万方数据检索获取2003—2021年4082篇SNA有关论文。最后,对2116篇改进或使用了SNA的论文,多视角分析其方法过程结构。[结果/结论]通过实证,文章提出的理论和方法,为学术评价问题丰富了一种新的“证伪”思路;以“先天说”充实了方法生命周期学说;为过度挪用西方科研工具产生的学术风险提供了新证据;为范式理论在我国图书情报领域中的说明机制完善提供了新依据。结果显示:多方法过程结构分析,兼具理论和实践价值,能够在推动图书情报研究深化的过程中发挥作用。[局限]以我国图书情报领域学术论文为实证对象,未考虑其他学科领域、其他类型学术文献是文章的不足之处。
[Purpose/significance]According to the viewpoint of systematic theory,research methods,techniques and tools do not work in isolation but through established mutual relationships and organization orders in a multi-methods research.These interacting and interdependent elements forming a whole to realize function in the establishment and interpretation of a scientific theory.This paper puts forward the theory and method of Structural&Process Analysis of Multi-Methods(SPAM),explores the phenomena and laws of multi-methods at the semantic level and pragmatic level,to make up for the lack of attention in the discipline.[Method/process]Firstly,discuss the backgrounds,theoretical foundation and the general steps of SPAM combing through the literature research and theoretical analysis.Secondly,taking library and information science in China for example,we choose the Social Network Analysis(SNA)as our study subject.By using literature research method,a total of 4082 academic papers related to SNA,from 2003 to 2021,published in journals of Chinese information science,were retrieved by CNKI and WANFANGDATA.Finally,multi-perspective analysis the structural&process of 2116 multi-methods papers.[Result/conclusion]The empirical results show,SPAM proposed in this paper,offer a falsificationism-based idea for academic evaluation;improve and perfect the method lifecycle theory with“innate ideas”;turn up new evidence for the academic risks caused by the overuse of western research tools;provide new basis to understand the explain mechanism of paradigm theory in Chinese library and information science.The conclusion shows SPAM has both maneuverability and theoretical significance,it will produce a marked effect in the process of deepening Chinese information science studies.[Limitations]A limitation of this study is ignore other disciplines and other types of academic literature.
出处
《情报理论与实践》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期193-201,143,共10页
Information Studies:Theory & Application
基金
国家社会科学基金“加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学学科体系、学术体系、话语体系”研究专项项目“新时代中国特色图情学科基本理论问题研究”的成果之一,项目编号:19VXK09。
关键词
多方法
方法论
过程结构
SPAM
研究方法
方法史
社会网络分析
multi-methods
methodology
structural&process
SPAM
research method
history of methodology
social network analysis
