摘要
【目的】探明葡萄与紫罗兰间作对葡萄促生提质的效果,为葡萄多样性种植模式提供选择参考。【方法】采用温室盆栽试验筛选紫罗兰、薰衣草和青蒿3种芳香植物中对葡萄促生效果较好的植物,并连续2年开展田间试验验证其对夏黑和红提葡萄生长和果实品质的影响。【结果】紫罗兰对葡萄的促生效果优于薰衣草和青蒿。盆栽栽培中,紫罗兰对夏黑和红提葡萄苗的新梢促生效果显著,节间长度平均增长率分别为13.65%和13.35%。田间间作紫罗兰后,夏黑和红提的节间长度增长率分别为17.71%和14.33%,显著高于单作(P<0.05);果穗纵径增长率分别为16.58%和15.74%,高于单作;节直径和果穗横径增长率均低于单作;夏黑和红提叶片SPAD值分别提高11.66%和18.67%,果实可溶性固形物分别提高17.09%和28.75%(P<0.05);果实百粒质量、pH值和总酚含量均高于单作;夏黑总类黄酮含量显著提高42.63%(P<0.05),红提总类黄酮含量略低于单作,两者的单宁含量均低于单作。【结论】葡萄间作紫罗兰可有效促进葡萄新梢和果穗纵向生长,提高果实产量和风味物质含量从而提升葡萄品质,可作为具有较好生态效益的葡萄园栽培模式加以推广应用。
[Purpose]To explore the effects on the grape growth and fruit quality in the grape and hoary stock intercropping system,providing a reference for grape diversity planting patterns.[Methods]Using pot experiments in glasshouse to screen out the aromatic plant with best growthpromoting effect on grape seedlings among hoary stock,lavender and sweet wormwood,and field experiments were conducted for two years to verify the effects on Summer black and Red globe growth and fruit quality.[Results]The growth promotion effect on grape of hoary stock was better than that of lavender and sweet wormwood.In pot experiments,hoary stock could significantly promote the shoot growth of the two grape seedlings,and the average growth rates of internode length were 13.65%and 13.35%,respectively.In field,after intercropped with hoary stock,the average internode increasing rates of Summer black and Red globe were 17.71%and 14.33%,respectively,which were significantly higher than that in monocultures(P<0.05).The average increasing rates of cluster vertical diameter of Summer black and Red globe in intercroppings were 16.58%and 15.74%,respectively,which were higher than that in monocultures;but the increasing rates of node diameter and cluster transverse diameter were lower than those of monocultures.The SPAD values of leaves and soluble solid contents in fruits of Summer black and Red globe were significantly increased by 11.66%and 18.67%,17.09%and 28.75%,respectively,compared with monocultures(P<0.05).The hundred kernel weights,pH values and total phenol contents of Summer black and Red globe fruits were both slightly higher than those of monocultures.The total phenol content of Summer black significantly increased by 42.63%(P<0.05)compared with monoculture,while that of Red globe was slightly lower than that of control.The tannin contents of both were lower than that of monocultures.[Conclusion]To intercrop hoary stock with grape can effectively promote the longitudinal growth of grape shoots and fruit clusters,improve the grape fruit yield and flavor substance contents,and finally improve grape fruit quality.So the intercropping of grape with hoary stock can be applied as a vineyard cultivation pattern with good ecological benefits.
作者
邓维萍
朱美玉
曾瑜
徐杰
梅馨月
杨敏
朱书生
杜飞
DENG Weiping;ZHU Meiyu;ZENG Yu;XU Jie;MEI Xinyue;YANG Min;ZHU Shusheng;DU Fei(College of Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Key Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Pest Management,Ministry of Education,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期241-251,共11页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31860519)
云南省创新团队(202105AE160016)
云南省专家工作站(202105AF150046)
云南农业大学大学生创新创业项目(2022ZKX049,2022ZKY199)。
关键词
葡萄
紫罗兰
间作
促生
品质
grape
hoary stock
intercropping
promotion effect
quality
