摘要
[目的]新能源的高比例接入对电力系统的安全稳定运行和电力可靠供应提出了更高的要求。氢能与电能在终端应用场景上有较好的互补特性,以新能源制氢为主体的“绿氢”将成为新型能源体系中重要组成部分,助力新型电力系统建设。目前,国内外绿氢示范项目方兴未艾,但项目模式与未来发展趋势尚不明晰。文章旨在厘清现有绿氢项目的模式,并提出破解绿氢项目规模化推广及电-氢协同效应充分发挥的瓶颈性问题。[方法]首先,系统梳理国内外现有绿氢示范项目,并针对各类项目特征进行全面剖析;在此基础之上,研判未来绿氢示范项目的发展趋势。之后,分析当前发展所面临的关键问题与挑战,并提出重点举措。[结果]研究结果表明:当前示范项目主要有配用电侧/微网侧电氢耦合项目、新能源基地规模化制氢与综合利用项目以及氢能灵活调节项目三大类,其规模化推广的关键问题在于:缺乏针对电、氢系统的协同规划与统筹、绿氢经济竞争力较低以及部分核心技术、设备、材料依赖进口。[结论]应以加强协同规划与顶层设计、研究制定配套政策体系、健全相关市场机制、加快标准制定、部署重点项目为关键着力点构建重点举措体系,推动绿氢项目推广与电-氢协同发展。
[Introduction]The increasingly high proportion of renewable power sources raises higher requirements for the safe and stable operation of the power system and the reliable supply of electricity.Hydrogen and electricity are complementary in many scenarios of energy consumption.Green hydrogen produced by renewable power will become an important component of the new energy system,which can also facilitate the construction of the new power system.Recently,green hydrogen demonstration projects in China and abroad are burgeoning.However,the typical modes and future development trends are not clear.This paper aims at clarifying the typical modes for green hydrogen projects and providing solutions to issues faced by the large-scale application and the full play of power-hydrogen coupling.[Method]In this paper,the existing green hydrogen demonstration projects in China and abroad were systematically analyzed.The characteristics of the three groups were studied,based on which,the development trends of green hydrogen demonstration projects were proposed.Then,the key problems and challenges were analyzed,and key measures were proposed.[Result]Through the study,the green hydrogen projects are grouped into three categories,which are power-hydrogen coupling projects on the distribution/micro-grid side,large-scale hydrogen production near renewable basis and utilization projects and hydrogen-based flexible adjustment projects.Key issues lying ahead include the lack of coordinated planning between the power and hydrogen system,the less economic competitiveness of green hydrogen and some of the key technologies,equipment and materials are dependent on imports.[Conclusion]To solve these issues and promote the development of green hydrogen projects,the coordinated planning of power and hydrogen system should be strengthened,formulated a set of supporting policies,improved the relevant market mechanisms,accelerated the standards and deployedsome essential projects.
作者
张丝钰
张宁
卢静
时庆
代红才
ZHANG Siyu;ZHANG Ning;LU Jing;SHI Qing;DAI Hongcai(State Grid Energy Research Institute,Beijing 102209,China)
出处
《南方能源建设》
2023年第3期89-96,共8页
Southern Energy Construction
基金
国网能源研究院自研项目“面向新型电力系统的电氢协同生产模拟模型构建与实证研究”(526700220006)。
关键词
绿氢
模式
电-氢协同
协同规划
经济性
标准
green hydrogen
mode
power-hydrogen coupling
coordinated planning
economy
standards
