摘要
【目的】探讨浙江省宁波地区住院儿童肺炎支原体(MP)感染及耐药性。【方法】回顾性分析2019年1月—2021年12月在宁波市妇女儿童医院住院的6782例0~14岁急性呼吸道感染患儿的临床资料,对其呼吸道标本采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链法检测MP感染及耐药基因(23S rRNA)突变情况。【结果】2019—2021年6782例检测患儿中,MP感染数1290例,感染率为19.02%,MP阳性率呈逐年递减趋势(P<0.05),2019年MP阳性率(28.12%)高于2020年(7.16%)和2021年(5.16%),差异有统计学意义(均P<0.017)。1290例MP阳性标本中,947例发生耐药突变,耐药率为73.41%,2020年耐药率最高(84.04%),高于2019年(73.01%)和2021年(66.23%),差异有统计学意义(均P<0.017)。不同季节MP阳性率和耐药率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);夏季MP阳性率最高,为25.00%,冬季MP耐药率最高,为78.89%,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.008)。女性患儿阳性率(20.52%)高于男性患儿(17.82%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男女患儿耐药率分别为74.93%和71.77%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄段儿童MP阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),5岁~和8岁~的MP阳性率分别为27.24%和26.38%,高于1岁~和2岁~,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.008);不同年龄段儿童MP耐药率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】宁波地区2019—2021年儿童MP感染率下降,不同季节、性别和年龄段MP感染存在差异,MP对大环内酯类抗生素的耐药率较高。
[Objective]To investigate Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection and macrolide resistance of hospitalized children in Ningbo Area in 2019-2021.[Methods]A total of 6782 respiratory throat swab specimens were collected from hospitalized pediatric patients with pneumoniae,admitted in Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital from January,2019 to December 2021.MP and its mutations in 23S rRNA were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction.[Results]Among 6782 respiratory throat swab specimens from 2019-2021,1290 cases(19.02%)were MP positive,and the positive rate decreased year by year(P<0.05).The positive rate in 2019 was 28.12%,higher than that in 2020(7.16%)and 2021(5.16%)(all P<0.017).The mutation of 23S rRNA occurred in 947 cases,with a mutation rate of 73.41%.The mutation rate in 2020 was 84.04%,higher than that in 2019(73.01%)and 2021(66.23%).The differences of positive rate and mutation rate in different seasons were significant(P<0.05)(all P<0.008).The positive rate was the highest in summer(25.00%),and the mutation rate was the highest in winter(78.89%).The positive rate of female children was 20.52%,higher than that of male children(17.82%)(P<0.05),and the mutation rates of female and male children were 74.93%and 71.77%(P>0.05),respectively.The difference of positive rate among the different age was significant(P<0.05).The positive rates in the 5-and 8-years groups were 27.24%and 26.38%,higher than those in the 1-and 2-years groups,respectively.The difference of mutation rate among the four groups in age was not significant(P>0.05).[Conclusion]The infection rate of MP in children decreases in Ningbo Area from 2019 to 2021.MP infection may be related with gender,seasonal distribution,age,and the resistance rate of MP to macrolide is high.
作者
刘鑫
LIU Xin(Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315012,China)
出处
《上海预防医学》
CAS
2023年第2期154-158,共5页
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2020KY282)。
关键词
肺炎支原体
耐药
儿童
实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
macrolide resistance
children
quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
