摘要
“阿堵”一词来源于近指代词“是”与前缀“阿”的组合,是个北方口语词而由北人南渡带到江左,见于晋宋间。唐宋时期常常作为语典在诗文中使用,成为一个典型的书面语词。宋元时常见的口语词“元底”是来自古突厥语的借词,与“阿堵”无关。明清时期,作为“钱”的代称的“阿堵(物)”有从书面语向口语转化的倾向,但到了现代,这一口语化进程因社会因素而终止。“阿堵”这个词的历史,是汉语史上口语与书面语之间不断影响互动的实例。
The word adu is derived from the root shi(是)with a prefix a-(阿),which can be observed in the sketchbooks of the Jin and Liusong dynasties.It was originally a vernacular word in Northern China,and was brought to Southern China by people from the North when they fled to the South because of the downfall of the Western Jin dynasty.During the Tang and Song dynasties,it was mainly used as a literary quotation in the poems and proses,and thus was typically a literary word.The vernacular word udi(底),used commonly in the Song and Yuan dynasties,was a loanword from Old Turkic,thus was not derived from adu.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,as an metonym of money,adu switched toward being a vernacular word again,but this progress came to a halt because of some social factors in the beginning of the 20th century.The whole history of the word adu is a living example of how the vernacular and literary languages interact with each other continually in the history of the Chinese language.
出处
《语言学论丛》
2022年第3期41-53,共13页
Essays on Linguistics
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“佛典语言的中国化”(20&ZD304)成果。
关键词
阿堵
兀底
语典
口语化
adu
udi
literary quotation
vernacularization
