摘要
目的分析云南省本地产茶叶中拟除虫菊酯类农药的残留情况,评估居民通过茶叶摄入拟除虫菊酯类农药对人体的健康风险。方法采用气相色谱质谱法对2019—2021年采集的云南省本地产茶叶中10种拟除虫菊酯类农药含量进行测定,对其残留情况进行统计分析,采用世界卫生组织(world health organization,WHO)和联合国粮食及农业组织(food and agriculture organization of the united nations,FAO)提出的模型评估其慢性和急性暴露健康风险,并利用国际生命科学学会环境与健康科学研究所开发的RISK21工具以图形展示其健康风险。结果287份样品中拟除虫菊酯类农药总检出率为43.55%,超标率为0.70%,其中联苯菊酯检出率(37.28%)和平均值(0.033 mg/kg)最高;普洱熟茶拟除虫菊酯类农药检出率较高,为56.10%;不同包装、年份茶叶间拟除虫菊酯类农药的检出率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);检出的5种拟除虫菊酯类农药的慢性膳食暴露量占每日允许摄入量(acceptable daily intake,ADI)的比例为0.003%~0.063%,急性膳食暴露量占急性参考剂量(acute reference dose,ARfD)的比例为0.111%~27.026%;RISK21健康风险排序图显示膳食暴露风险点均为未超过暴露限值界限。结论云南省本地产茶叶拟除虫菊酯类农药残留含量总体处于较低水平,健康风险评估结果显示,经茶叶摄入拟除虫菊酯类农药的健康风险较低,但禁用农药的检出和农药的联合使用现象提示仍需加强拟除虫菊酯类农药在茶叶中的生产使用监管。
Objective To analyze residues of pyrethroid pesticides in local tea from Yunnan Province,assess the health risks of pyrethroid pesticides ingested by residents through tea.Methods The contents of 10 pyrethroid pesticides in local tea collected in Yunnan Province from 2019 to 2021 were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,and their residues were statistically analyzed.The models proposed by the world health organization(WHO)and the food and agriculture organization of the united nations(FAO)were used to assess the health risks of chronic and acute exposure.The RISK21 tool developed by the Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences of the International Society for Life Sciences was used to graphically display the size of health risks.Results The total detection rate of pyrethroid pesticides in 287 samples was 43.55%,and the exceeding standard rate was 0.70%.The detection rate(37.28%)and average value(0.033 mg/kg)of bifenthrin was the highest.The detection rate of Pu-Er ripe tea was higher,which was 56.01%.There were no statistically significant differences in the detection rate of pyrethroid pesticides among tea of different packages and different years(both P>0.05).Among five kinds of pyrethroid pesticides detected,the proportion of chronic dietary exposure to acceptable daily intake(ADI)was 0.003%-0.063%,and the proportion of actue dietary exposure to acute reference dose(ARfD)was 0.111%-27.026%.RISK21 health risk ranking chart showed that the dietary exposure risk points are within the exposure limit.Conclusion The content of pyrethroid pesticides of tea in Yunnan Province is generally at a low level,and the results of health risk assessment show that the health risk of pyrethroid pesticides ingested through tea is low,but the detection of banned pesticides and the combined use of pesticides suggest that it is still necessary to strengthen the supervision of the production and use of pyrethroid pesticides in tea.
作者
张婷
刘建辉
李彦生
朱鹏静
段毅宏
ZHANG Ting;LIU Jian-hui;LI Yan-sheng;ZHU Peng-jing;DUAN Yi-hong(Inspection Center,Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming Yunnan,650022,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2023年第7期908-913,共6页
Occupation and Health
