摘要
为了解不同光照强度和光周期对珠芽生长发育的影响,本研究采用3种光强和5种时长对山药茎段外植体进行离体培养。结果表明,珠芽的发育与光合有效辐射的积累有关,强光[195μmol/(m^(2)·s)]下短时间光照及弱光[20μmol/(m^(2)·s)]下长时间光照均能满足珠芽生长需求,强光整体抑制生长,弱光较中等光强[95μmol/(m^(2)·s)]生长较慢,并且在各光强下4 h/d光周期均不能满足珠芽快速伸长的需要,16 h/d光照不同程度的抑制珠芽伸长,而每天8 h和10 h光照时长适宜珠芽的生长,珠芽数量最多;珠芽表皮对光照极为敏感,在弱光条件下亦能变为褐色;弱光和短日照条件显著促进珠芽须根的生长;光强是影响珠芽出芽的重要因素,受光周期的调控较弱。综合来看,根据培养目的的不同应选择相应的光照环境,如为促进珠芽伸长获得更高质量的珠芽可选择光强95μmol/(m^(2)·s)光照8 h或10 h,抑制生根和萌发可采用195μmol/(m^(2)·s)光照12 h或16 h,提高发芽率和促进须根生长可选用20μmol/(m^(2)·s)照射4~12 h。
In order to understand the effects of different light intensities and light durations on the growth and development of bulbil,three light intensities and five light durations were used to culture the stem explants of yam in vitro.The results showed that the development of bulbils was related to the accumulation of photosynthate active radiation.Both short and long time light under high light(195μmol/(m^(2)·s))and low light(20μmol/(m^(2)·s))could meet the growth requirements of bulbil.High light inhibited the growth of bulbils,while low light was slower than moderate light(95μmol/(m^(2)·s)).Under different light intensities,4 hours per day photoperiod could not meet the needs of rapid bulbil elongation.16 hours per day light inhibited bulbil elongation in different degrees,while 8 hours and 10 hours light were suitable for bulbil growth,and the number of bulbils was the highest.The bulbil epidermis was very sensitive to light and could turn brown under low light.Low light and short day conditions significantly promoted the growth of fibrous roots of the bulbil.Light intensity is an important factor affecting the budding of bead bulbils,which was weakly regulated by photoperiod.Comprehensively,the corresponding light environment should be selected based on different culture purposes,for example,95μmol/(m^(2)·s)light intensity for 8 or 10 hours could be selected to promote the elongation and obtain higher quality bulbils,and 195μmol/(m^(2)·s)light intensity for 12 or 16 hours could be used to inhibit rooting and germination.Irradiation with 20μmol/(m^(2)·s)for 4 to 12 hours could be used to improve the germination rate and promote the growth of fibrous roots.
作者
李锦超
刘淑祺
师晨玮
李跃凡
贾凯旋
刘晓清
杨太新
葛淑俊
LI Jinchao;LIU Shuqi;SHI Chenwei;LI Yuefan;JIA Kaixuan;LIU Xiaoqing;YANG Taixin;GE Shujun(College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Research and Utilization in North China,Ministry of Education,Baoding Hebei 071000,China)
出处
《种子》
北大核心
2023年第3期112-119,共8页
Seed
基金
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-21)
河北省现代农业产业技术体系中药材产业创新团队(HBCT 201806202)。
关键词
山药
珠芽
光强
光周期
组织培养
yam
bulbil
light intensity
photoperiod
tissue culture
