摘要
2型糖尿病(T2DM)是一种以胰岛素抵抗、高胰岛素血症、糖脂代谢紊乱为特征,临床以血糖升高为主要表现的慢性代谢性系统疾病。其病因及发病机制复杂,目前尚无完全治愈的手段,严重威胁着人类的健康,给社会和家庭带来了沉重的负担。皂苷是一类结构比较复杂的苷类化合物,具有来源广、安全性高、不良反应低等优点。中药皂苷作为中药重要的活性成分,具有降血糖、降血脂、抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、调节免疫等多种生物活性。近年来,众多研究表明中药皂苷类成分可有效地防治糖尿病。虽然中药皂苷类成分降糖作用及机制研究众多,但目前尚缺乏对中药皂苷类成分治疗T2DM作用及机制研究的系统综述。故该文围绕中药皂苷类成分改善胰岛β细胞功能、改善胰岛素抵抗、抑制糖苷酶活性、降低炎症反应、抗氧化应激、调节肠道菌群等降糖机制进行系统归纳,并分析目前研究存在的问题及发展趋势,以期为深入研究中药皂苷类成分的降糖作用提供理论基础,为药物的开发与临床应用提供科学依据。
Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance,hyperinsulinemia,and disturbance of glucose and lipid metabolism,with elevated blood glucose as the main clinical manifestation.Due to its complex etiology and pathogenesis,there is no effective treatment,which critically threatens human health and places a heavy burden on society and families.Saponins are a class of glycosides with complex structures that have the advantage of a wide range of sources,elevated safety,and low adverse effects.As an essential active ingredient in Chinese medicine,Chinese medicine saponins have a variety of biological activities such as hypoglycemia,hypoglycaemia,anti-inflammation,antioxidation,anti-tumor,and immune modulation.In recent years,numerous studies have shown that Chinese medicine saponins are effective in preventing and treating T2DM.Although there have been numerous studies on the hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of Chinese medicine saponins,there has been no systematic review of the mechanisms of Chinese medicine saponins in the treatment of T2DM.Therefore,to provide a theoretical basis for an in-depth study of the hypoglycemic effects of Chinese medicine saponins and a scientific basis for the development and clinical application of drugs,this paper systematically summarized the hypoglycemic mechanisms of Chinese medicine saponins,such as improving isletβ-cell function,improving insulin resistance,inhibiting glycosidase activity,reducing the inflammatory response,anti-oxidative stress,and regulating intestinal flora,and analyzed the current research problems and development trends.
作者
彭川
胡学芳
陈正涛
窦晨瑜
杨鹏
毕境新
丁雷
吴丽丽
秦灵灵
刘铜华
PENG Chuan;HU Xuefang;CHEN Zhengtao;DOU Chenyu;YANG Peng;BI Jingxin;DING Lei;WU Lili;QIN Lingling;LIU Tonghua(School of Clinical Medicine,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610036,China;Institute of Chinese Medicine Health Preservation,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;The First School of Clinical Medicine,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xi'an 711301,China;Second Clinical College of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100078,China;Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期266-275,共10页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
教育部中医药防治糖尿病及其并发症创新引智基地项目(B20055)
北京中医药大学校级科研纵向发展基金项目(2020-ZXFZJJ-005)。
关键词
中药皂苷类成分
2型糖尿病
作用机制
研究进展
Chinese medicine saponins
type 2 diabetes mellitus
mechanism
research progress
