摘要
火炮射击过程中身管在热、力、化学等因素作用下平均每发射弹会产生微米级的内径扩大,是造成身管寿命终止的主要原因,研究内膛表面材料性能变化对揭示身管寿命机理具有重要意义。通过分析某寿命终止155 mm口径身管内膛表面材料组织和性能,获得了身管不同部位内膛表面材料组织形貌、厚度及力学性能。结合身管温度梯度分析及烧蚀模拟试验,揭示了身管内膛表面材料性能退化机理及其与射弹发数关系。研究结果表明:身管寿命初期,在火药燃气作用下内膛表面材料相变形成硬化层,硬化层厚度与火药燃气温度及作用时间相关;身管烧蚀磨损发生在硬化层表面,硬化层常温下硬度和强度比基体高1倍,呈现硬脆特征,高温下硬度和强度迅速下降,在弹带摩擦及气流冲刷下造成身管内径扩大。
In the process of gun firing,the inner diameter of the barrel increases by several microns under the action of heat,chemistry and force,which is the main reason for the termination of barrel life.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the change of material properties of the inner bore surface to reveal the barrel life mechanism.The microstructure,thickness and mechanical properties of the inner bore surface materials at different parts of the barrel were obtained by microanalysis of the 155 mm barrel that has reached its life end.Through the analysis of barrel temperature gradient and ablation simulation experiment,the degradation mechanism of the bore surface material and its relationship with projectile firing number were revealed.The results showed that:the hardened layer was formed on the surface of the inner bore under the action of gunpowder gas in the early barrel life;the thickness of the hardened layer was related to the temperature and action time of gunpowder gas;barrel ablation and wear occur on the surface of the hardened layer;the strength of the hardened layer was twice as high as that of the barrel at room temperature,and the strength decreased rapidly at high temperatures,resulting in the increase of the inner barrel diameter under rotating band friction and airflow scouring.
作者
许耀峰
杨雕
刘朋科
陈奇
郭俊行
王军
XU Yaofeng;YANG Diao;LIU Pengke;CHEN Qi;GUO Junhang;WANG Jun(Northwest Institute of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Xianyang 712099,Shaanxi,China;College of Aerospace Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)
出处
《兵工学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1288-1295,共8页
Acta Armamentarii
关键词
火炮身管内膛
硬化层
材料性能退化
相变
烧蚀冲刷
gun barrel bore
hardened layer
material property degradation
phase transformation
ablation and erosion
