摘要
文化治理既是国家治理的重要内容和有效方式,又是全球治理的核心议题与共识基础。全球文化治理何以成立、如何形成?其核心理念和主要议题如何提出?联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)是理解和回答这些问题的关键样本。UNESCO成立以来的文化政策可分为三个阶段:主张“文化促进和平与知识流动”的奠基期,支持“文化推动去殖民化”的拓展期,推广“文化多样性发展”的兴盛期。在这一历史进程中,全球文化治理的要素逐步确立:治理框架越发完善,治理主体日渐壮大,治理内容和方式趋向多元。治理要素与文化政策互相呼应,共同推动全球文化治理的演进和成熟。最近三十余年,UNESCO极力将文化纳入联合国可持续发展的框架之下,形成全球文化治理的主要议题:文化作为可持续发展的外部推动力、文化作为可持续发展的内在驱动力、追求文化本身的重要价值。在新时代新征程中,中国可借鉴UNESCO通过多年实践积累的经验与教训,完善国家文化治理体系,积极参与全球文化治理,为解决全球问题贡献更多的中国智慧和力量。
Cultural governance is not only an important component and method of national governance but also a core issue and consensus basis of global governance.Why and how was global cultural governance established?How to put forward its core ideas and main topics?The United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)has functioned as a key platform for understanding these questions.As an epitome and international platform of global cultural governance,UNESCO has been exploring and practicing cultural governance for more than 70 years.It provides the historical background and serves as an important international forum for understanding,studying,and promoting global cultural governance.UNESCO’s cultural policy,since its establishment,can be divided into three stages.They include the foundational period when culture is used for promote peace and knowledge circulation,the expansion period when culture is used for promoting decolonization,and the flourishing period when cultural diversity is promoted.In the first stage,UNESCO’s cultural governance primarily focused on“culture promoting peace and knowledge circulation”,with the goal of advancing peace and human rights through dialogues and cooperation among countries in the post-war reconstruction process.In the second stage,as the decolonization movement unfolded on a global scale,and under the influence of the demands of“third world”member states,the focus of UNESCO’s cultural policy has shifted to“culture promoting decolonization”in order to protect the rights of developing countries to independent cultural development.Over the past 30 years,in its attempt to establish a framework of global cultural governance,UNESCO has incorporated culture into the UN’s sustainable development framework.This framework consists of three central agendas.They include“culture driving sustainable development”,“culture enabling sustainable development”,and the pursuit of the intrinsic values of“culture”.Under this framework,on the one hand,culture is regarded by UNESCO as an important means of development in promoting the sustainable goals in social,economic,and environmental dimensions,and on the other hand,culture and its values are regarded as an important foundation and driving force for all sustainable development projects and they profoundly influence all aspects of social development.In addition,UNESCO believes that culture should not only be the means and foundation of development,but also the ultimate goal of development itself,as all development should aim at achieving human beings’diversified pursuits of moral,intellectual,emotional,and spiritual lives.In UNESCO’s historical process of facilitating global governance,the elements of cultural governance have been gradually established.The organization has formed frameworks of cultural governance,constantly developed the depth and breath of its understandings of culture,enriched its governance subjects,and diversified its content and methods.Currently,UNESCO’s governance elements and cultural policies echo each other and jointly promote the evolution and maturity of global cultural governance.On the new journey in the new era,China can learn from the experience and lessons from UNESCO through its years of practice,improve the national cultural governance system,actively participate in global cultural governance,and contribute China’s wisdom and strength to solving global problems.
作者
陈泥
肖波
Chen Nick;Xiao Bo(Journalism and Communications Studies,Kwantlen Polytechnic University,Vancouver V3W 2M8,Canada;National Institute of Cultural Development,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,P.R.China)
出处
《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第3期51-60,共10页
Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
武汉大学国际问题研究项目“全球文化治理的理论、政策与实践研究”
国家社科基金一般项目“中国古代经典传说的当代价值与转化类型研究”(21BZW117)。
