摘要
为探究水产养殖中恩诺沙星用药后在水环境中的归趋,本实验在模拟池塘水产养殖系统中,恩诺沙星以18 mg/kg剂量药饵投喂异育银鲫,每天2次、给药周期6 d,研究恩诺沙星在异育银鲫体内吸收、分布、代谢和消除规律,以及在水体和底泥中的分布规律。结果显示,异育银鲫组织中恩诺沙星峰浓度(Cmax)依次为肠道>肾脏>肌肉>鳃>肝脏>血浆,分别为14.15、13.31、14.15、7.48、7.94 mg/kg和2.94 mg/L;各组织中均可检测到代谢产物环丙沙星,其峰浓度与恩诺沙星峰浓度的百分比分别为5.10%、1.70%、6.28%、2.97%、2.90%和6.53%;组织中恩诺沙星清除率(CLz)顺序为血浆>肝脏>肠道>鳃>肌肉>肾脏。随着给药次数增多,水体中恩诺沙星残留浓度快速升高,在最后一次给药后6 h时达到峰值(5.23μg/L),随后开始下降,但水体中一直未检测到代谢产物环丙沙星;底泥中恩诺沙星首先呈现上升趋势,在240 h达到峰值(796μg/kg),之后略有下降,480 h时降至587μg/kg;底泥中环丙沙星残留呈现逐渐上升的趋势,在480 h时残留量为382μg/kg;底泥中代谢产物环丙沙星残留浓度与恩诺沙星浓度的百分比为27.5%~65.1%。药饵给药后药物残留主要存在于养殖生态系统的底泥中,底泥中药物残留百分比为41.86%~46.69%,且消除较慢,药饵投喂后残留在底泥中的药物生态安全风险应引起重视。本研究为养殖生产科学用药提供技术支撑,为生态安全评价提供理论数据。
In order to investigate the fate of enrofloxacin in aquatic environment,the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of enrofloxacin in silver crucian carp(Carassius auratus gibelio)were monitored after oral administration of medicated feed in the simulated aquaculture system,and the pattern of metabolism and distribution of enrofloxacin in the water body and sediment.Fish were fed enrofloxacin-medicated feed at a multiple dose of 18 mg/kg twice a day for a period of 6 days.The peak concentration(Cmax)of enrofloxacin in C.auratus gibelio was intestine>kidney>muscle>gill>liver>plasma,the Cmax were 14.15,13.31,14.15,7.48,7.94 mg/kg and 2.94 mg/L,respectively.The metabolite ciprofloxacin could be detected in all tissues,and the percentages of Cmax of ciprofloxacin to Cmax of enrofloxacin were 5.10%,1.70%,6.28%,2.97%,2.90%and 6.53%,respectively.The order of body clearance(CLz)of enrofloxacin in the tissues was plasma>liver>intestine>gill>muscle>kidney.With the increase of administration times,the enrofloxacin concentration in water went up rapidly and the peak value(5.23μg/L)was reached at 6 hours after the last administration;it began to decline afterwards,but the metabolite ciprofloxacin could not be detected in water.The enrofloxacin concentration in the sediment first showed an upward trend,and reached the peak value(796μg/kg)at 240 h,then it decreased slightly and fell to 587μg/kg at 480 h.The metabolite ciprofloxacin concentration in the sediment showed a gradual upward trend,and the residue was 382μg/kg at 480 h.The percentage of ciprofloxacin to enrofloxacin concentration in the sediment was 27.5%-65.1%.The antibacterial residues after medicated-diet administration mainly existed in the sediment of the aquaculture ecosystem,and the percentage of antibacterial residues in the sediment was 41.86%-46.69%,and the residues eliminated slowly.We should pay close attention to the ecological safety risk of the antibacterial residues in the sediment after medicated-diet administration.This study provides technical support for scientific medicine production in aquaculture and theoretical data for ecological security assessment.
作者
凌海
缪天音
王元
向阳
胡鲲
房文红
LING Hai;MIAO Tianyin;WANG Yuan;XIANG Yang;HU Kun;FANG Wenhong(National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期160-169,共10页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(2018-02-08-00-07-F01549)
中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2020TD41)。
关键词
异育银鲫
恩诺沙星
环丙沙星
药物残留
底泥
代谢与分布
Carassius auratus gibelio
enrofloxacin
ciprofloxacin
antibacterial residue
sediment
metabolism and distribution
