摘要
以系统功能语言学中的人际隐喻为理论基础,以收集的62000字的医患门诊会话为语料,分析了医患会话中医生话语的人际隐喻类型及其特点,在此基础上探讨所建构的医患关系。研究发现,医生使用的语气隐喻频率高于情态隐喻,其中疑问语气隐喻占主导地位,主要体现为医生对附加疑问句、反问句等特殊句式的使用。该类语气隐喻的使用可以缓和语气,降低命令的强加性,扩大与患者的对话空间。而医生话语中仅使用了两类情态隐喻,其中表达可能性语义的情态隐喻占比最多,是表达强制性情态隐喻的4倍多。其中明确客观的情态隐喻使用更多,表明医生对所说话语的确定性,体现了医生专业知识的权威性。但同时医生也会选择把建议和命题显性主观化,即使用人际投射小句,将患者的意见考虑在内,更具协商性。医生在实际医患会话中可多使用此类隐喻表达形式,给患者提供更宽松的会话环境,有利于建构和谐医患关系。
Based on the theoretical clarification of interpersonal metaphor in systemic functional linguistics,this paper analyzes the types and characteristics of interpersonal metaphor in doctors’s utterances and discusses the constructed relationship between doctors and patients on the basis of 62000 words of doctor-patient outpatient conversations.The research results show that the frequency of mood metaphors used by doctors is higher than that of modality metaphors,among which interrogative metaphors are the most frequently used,mainly reflected in the use of special sentence patterns such as tag questions and rhetorical questions by doctors.The use of this kind of interpersonal metaphor can ease the doctor’s mood,reduce the imposition of orders,and expand the dialogic space with patients.Only two types of modality metaphors are used in doctors’utterances,among which the modality metaphors expressing possibility semantics accounted for the largest proportion,which is four times more than that expressing mandatory modality metaphors.Doctors tend to use more explicit and objective modality metaphors,reflecting the authority of doctors’professional knowledge.At the same time,doctors also choose explicit subjectivism,the use of interpersonal projective clauses,taking the patients’opinion into account.Therefore,doctors can employ more metaphorical expression forms in the actual doctor-patient conversation to provide patients with more relaxed dialogic atmosphere,which is conducive to building a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.
作者
梁海英
李蕾
LIANG Hai-ying;LI Lei(College of Foreign Languages and Literature,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《兰州文理学院学报（社会科学版）》
2023年第3期81-86,共6页
Journal of Lanzhou University of Arts and Science(Social Science Edition)
基金
2017年国家社会科学基金一般项目“基于语料库的医生话语策略与和谐医患关系建构研究”(17BYY086)。
关键词
医患会话
人际隐喻
医患关系
doctor-patient interaction
interpersonal metaphor
doctor-patient relationship
