摘要
非均相可逆失活自由基聚合(RDRP)是高效可控制备结构与功能明确聚合物纳米材料的重要方法.在室温下进行非均相RDRP从聚合技术层面上是一个很小的调整,但这为功能聚合物的可控合成、新非均相RDRP方法的发展及非均相RDRP的机理研究带来了巨大的机遇.在本文中,我们将综述室温非均相RDRP的最新研究进展,这些研究进展难以通过传统的热引发非均相RDRP实现,包括聚合速率调控、耐氧非均相RDRP体系、新非均相RDRP方法的发展、聚合物纳米材料的形貌调控和功能聚合物纳米材料的合成,最后指出了室温非均相RDRP领域目前存在的关键问题和重要挑战.
Reversible deactivation radical polymerization(RDRP)has become one of the most common methods for the synthesis of well-defined polymers with predetermined molar mass,narrow molar mass distribution,and precise end-group functionality.Depending on the solubility of monomer/polymer in the polymerization system,RDRP can be performed via either homogeneous polymerization or heterogeneous polymerization.Compared with homogeneous RDRP,heterogeneous RDRP exhibits significant advantages,such as low viscosity,high polymerization rate,and nanoconfinement effect.More importantly,heterogeneous RDRP enables efficient preparation of well-defined polymer nanomaterials that find applications in many areas.Currently,almost all heterogeneous RDRPs are conducted via thermal initiation at high temperatures(e.g.70℃),which is not beneficial for the preparation of many functional polymer nanomaterials.Performing heterogeneous RDRP at room temperature seems to be a minor change in the polymerization process,but this can lead to extensive opportunities for controlled synthesis of functional materials,the development of new heterogeneous RDRP methods,and mechanistic insights into heterogeneous RDRP.Many room-temperature initiations have been successfully introduced into heterogeneous RDRP,such as photoinitiation,enzyme initiation,redox initiation,and sonochemically initiation.In this feature article,we will summarize some recent developments of room-temperature heterogeneous RDRP that are difficult to be achieved via traditional heterogeneous RDRP,including the control of polymerization rate using room-temperature initiations,oxygen-tolerant heterogeneous RDRP via either enzymatic deoxygenation or photo-induced deoxygenation,the development of new heterogeneous RDRP methods(e.g.Z-RAFT mediated dispersion polymerization,wavelength-selective photo-induced heterogeneous RDRP),morphological control of polymer nanomaterials,and the synthesis of functional polymer nanomaterials(bio-related polymer nanomaterials,epoxy-functionalized polymer nanomaterials,and thermo-responsive polymer nanomarterials).Finally,current challenges and further opportunities of room-temperature heterogeneous RDRP are discussed.
作者
林冬妮
张力
谭剑波
Dong-ni Lin;Li Zhang;Jian-bo Tan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter,Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006)
出处
《高分子学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期761-777,共17页
Acta Polymerica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(基金号52222301,22171055,21971047)资助项目.
关键词
可逆失活自由基聚合
非均相聚合
室温
聚合物纳米材料
Reversible deactivation radical polymerization(RDRP)
Heterogeneous polymerization
Roomtemperature
Polymer nanomaterials
