摘要
在兰州市气候环境因素以及人类活动的影响下,白衣寺塔塔基长期处于毛细水浸润中,致使塔基古砖表层发育了多种病害.为探明古砖病害类型、风化程度与风化机理,通过现场精细化病害勘察、表面硬度及弹性波速测试对其风化程度进行评估.结果表明,塔基古砖表层风化病害主要有表面溶蚀、酥碱与泛盐、空鼓、层片状剥落等.塔基古砖硬度集中在284~410 HLD之间,弹性波速为854~1514 m·s^(-1).在硬度评估中,古砖表层风化程度等级以中等居多,占比为61.47%;波速评估中非常轻微以及轻微的砖块,占比分别为35.64%和34.71%.X射线衍射分析(XRD)表明,石英含量较高的部位主要集中在塔基中部.塔基风化是毛细水中的可溶盐反复结晶、冻融循环以及外部多种因素下共同作用的结果.研究结果可以为古砖的病害防治提供基础科学依据.
Influenced by climatic conditions as well as human activities,various diseases on the surface layer of ancient bricks at the base of White Temple Tower can be detected under the effect of capillary rise for a long time.In order to ascertain the disease type,weathering degree and weathering mechanism of the ancient brick,the refined disease investigation,surface hardness and elastic wave speed test were conducted,and the weathering degree was evaluated.The results showed that surface weathering diseases of ancient brick at the tower base are mainly surface dissolution,disruption and salt efflorescence,detachment,delamination and so on.Surface hardness of ancient brick at the tower base concentrated between 284~410 HLD,elastic wave velocity is in the range of 854~1514 m·s^(-1).In the hardness assessment,the surface weathering grade of the ancient bricks is mostly moderate,accounting for 61.47%,and the very slight and slight bricks accounted for 35.64%and 34.71%.The X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD)results showed that the weathered quartz is mainly concentrated in the middle of the tower base.The base weathering is the result of repeated crystallization of soluble salt crystals in capillary water,freeze-thaw cycle,and a variety of external factors.The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for the disease prevention of ancient bricks.
作者
张浩
李周明
郑炜
张景科
邱启波
ZHANG Hao;LI Zhou-ming;ZHENG Wei;ZHANG Jing-ke;QIU Qi-bo(College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Lanzhou Museum,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu,China)
出处
《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第3期126-134,共9页
Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)
基金
白衣寺塔及菩萨殿保护修缮工程前期勘察研究项目。
关键词
白衣寺塔
古砖病害
风化特征
风化机理
White Temple Tower
ancient brick disease
weathering characteristics
weathering mechanism
