摘要
采用激光对304不锈钢薄板搭接缝进行软钎焊,并对钎缝组织与力学性能进行了研究.工艺试验结果表明,当激光束倾角为60°和离焦量为300 mm时,能够有效降低激光束的热输入,实现304不锈钢薄板搭接缝的无变形钎焊,填缝深度可达5 mm,钎缝外观成形光滑、饱满,颜色与母材相近,无需涂装.钎焊接头分为不锈钢母材区、钎缝区、不锈钢母材区3个区域,钎缝区和母材区的边界清晰且明显,钎缝组织连续致密,无气孔、裂纹等缺陷.钎缝显微组织主要由黑色固溶体相、大菱形块状白色相和短棒状白色相组成,分析认为3种相分别为锡基固溶体相、SnSb相和Cu_(6)Sn_(5)相.钎料和母材之间形成约1~2μm金属化合物FeSn_(2)扩散层.钎缝的平均抗剪强度测试结果为39 MPa,能够满足不锈钢薄板搭接缝的工程应用.
Laser soldering was used to seal the lap joint of 304 stainless steel sheet,and the microstructure and shearing property of soldering joints were investigated.The results showed that with suitable laser beam tilt angle 60°and defocusing distance 300 mm,the laser heat input can be effectively reduced thus,ensuring a successful completion of laser soldering of 304 stainless steel sheet with a filling depth of 5 mm,and the appearance of the joint is smooth and full.The color of the joint is similar to that of the base metal,and no extra coating is needed.The laser soldering joint can be divided into three zones:stainless steel base metal zone,soldering seam zone and stainless steel base metal zone.The boundary between the soldering seam zone and the base metal zone is clear and distinct,and the microstructure of the joint is continuous without blowhole,crack or other defects.The microstructure of the soldering joint is mainly composed of black solid solution phase,big rhombic block white phase and short stick white phase.The joint consisted ofα-Sn composite phase,Sb-Sn phase and Cu_(6)Sn_(5)phase.The diffusion layer of FeSn_(2) metal compound is formed between the filler metal and the base metal with a thickness of 1−2μm.Test results show that the shearing property of joint is about 39 MPa,which can meet the requirement of overlap joint of 304 stainless steel sheet.
作者
刘勇
李刚卿
王生希
韩晓辉
王博
叶结和
LIU Yong;LI Gangqing;WANG Shengxi;HAN Xiaohui;WANG Bo;YE Jiehe(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,266111,China;China Academy of Machinery Ningbo Academy of Intelligent Machine Tool Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo,315700,China)
出处
《焊接学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期45-49,I0005,I0006,共7页
Transactions of The China Welding Institution
基金
浙江省异质增材工程研究中心资助项目
宁波市“3315”人才计划2020年创新团队C类。
关键词
304不锈钢
激光软钎焊
微观组织
剪切性能
304 stainless steel
laser soldering
microstructure
shearing property
