摘要
为探究海口市土壤重金属污染水平和污染来源,以海口市农用地为研究对象,采集测定土壤表层样品镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)、锌(Zn)等8种重金属含量,结合地统计学分析方法阐明重金属空间分布特征,采用单因子污染指数法、地累积指数法、潜在生态风险指数法进行土壤污染评价,利用相关性分析和主成分分析/绝对主成分分数(PCA/APCS)受体模型定量解析重金属来源。结果表明,Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn等6种重金属超过农用地风险筛选值,比例从高到低为Cr、Ni(31.6%)>Cu(21.1%)>Cd(5.3%)>Pb、Zn(2.6%)。Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr的含量空间分布特征基本一致,与基性火山岩分布较为相似。土壤重金属地累积指数评价结果表明,土壤Cd富集程度最高,土壤受Cd影响较大,Cr次之,其他重金属影响较小。土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险等级以轻微和中度风险等级为主,As、Pb、Cr、Zn为轻微生态风险,潜在生态危害较小;Cd、Hg、Ni强度生态风险以上点位占比分别为52.6%、15.8%、5.3%,土壤重金属的潜在生态风险主要由Cd和Hg引起。8种重金属元素被识别为3种来源,Cu、Ni、Cr、Zn主要来源为自然源,主要受基性火山岩成土母岩土壤背景值高影响,Pb、Cd、As、Hg主要来自工业交通源,As同时受到农业源影响。海口市土壤重金属来源相对单一,应加强土壤中Cd、Cr、Hg的污染控制,尤其是Cd的污染管控。
In order to explore the pollution level and source of soil heavy metals in Haikou City,taking the agricultural land in Haikou City as the research object,the content of eight kinds of heavy metals such as Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Cr,Cu,Ni and Zn in soil surface samples were collected and determined,and the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals were clarified combined with geostatistical analysis method.The single factor pollution index method,geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method were used to evaluate soil pollution.The source of heavy metals was quantitatively analyzed by the correlation analysis and principal component analysis/absolute principal component fraction(PCA/APCS)receptor model.Six heavy metals such as Cd,Pb,Cr,Cu,Ni and Zn exceeded the risk screening value of agricultural land,and the proportion of exceeding the standard points from high to low was Cr,Ni(31.6%)>Cu(21.1%)>Cd(5.3%)>Pb and Zn(2.6%).The spatial distribution characteristics of Cu,Zn,Ni and Cr contents were basically the same,which were similar to the distribution of basic volcanic rocks in the study area.The evaluation results of heavy metal geo-accumulation index showed that the concentration of Cd in the soil was the highest,and the soil was greatly affected by Cd,followed by Cr,and other heavy metals were less affected.The potential ecological risk levels of soil heavy metal pollution were mainly mild and moderate risk levels,while As,Pb,Cr and Zn were slight ecological risks,and the potential ecological harm was small.The above points of Cd,Hg and Ni intensity ecological risk accounted for 52.6%,15.8%and 5.3%respectively.The potential ecological risk of soil heavy metals in the study area was mainly caused by Cd and Hg.Eight kinds of heavy metal elements were identified as three sources.Cu,Ni,Cr and Zn were mainly from natural sources,which were mainly affected by the high soil background value of basic volcanic parent rock,Pb,Cd,As and Hg were mainly from industrial sources and traffic sources.As was also affected by agricultural sources.The source of heavy metals in Haikou soil was relatively single.As a result,it is necessary to strengthen the pollution control of Cd,Cr and Hg in the soil,with the focus on the pollution control of Cd.
作者
吴姬
伍成成
王婧
WU Ji;WU Chengcheng;WANG Jing(Hainan Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center,Haikou,Hainan 571126,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1062-1071,共10页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
海南省自然科学基金项目(No.421QN0970)。
关键词
重金属
污染特征
PCA/APCS受体模型
潜在生态风险
源解析
heavy metals
pollution features
PCA/APCS receptor model
potential ecological risk index
source analysis
