摘要
非晶合金用于电机铁心可极大地提高电机效率,然而,其较大的磁致伸缩系数和极强的应力敏感性(即磁致伸缩逆效应)在增大铁心振动噪声的同时,限制电信号对铁心磁性能的精确控制能力。该文提出采用磁致伸缩逆效应对铁心磁化状态进行调制,以抑制非晶合金开关磁阻电机电磁振动的减振思路。首先,基于宏观热力学理论,建立考虑磁致伸缩及其逆效应的非晶合金材料力-磁耦合本构关系;其次,提出非晶合金开关磁阻电机的定子齿加压结构,并考虑静态预应力、脉动电磁应力对非晶合金磁特性的影响,构建开关磁阻电机力-磁双向动态耦合模型并求解;最后,计算应力作用前后定子铁心的磁通密度分布。通过实验与仿真对比发现,定子齿加压结构的径向电磁应力可减小44.5%,因此该减振方法具有可行性。
Switched reluctance motors are applied in electric vehicles due to their simple structure and low cost.The amorphous alloy used in the switched reluctance motor core can greatly improve the efficiency of the motor.However,its large magnetostrictive coefficient and strong stress sensitivity(i.e.inverse-magnetostriction effect)will increase the core vibration and limit the precise control ability of electrical signals.Therefore,a new approach is proposed to use the inverse-magnetostriction effect to control the electromagnetic vibration of switched reluctance motors with amorphous alloy cores(SRMA).Then,the compressive stress applied structure of the SRMA stator teeth is proposed.The simulation and experimental results show that the vibration reduction method is feasible.Firstly,a nonlinear magnetostriction and inverse-magnetostriction effect force-magnetic coupling con-stitutive relation of the amorphous alloy is proposed based on the macroscopic thermodynamics to analyze the vibration of a SRMA.The parameters are measured by magnetic properties measurement system.Thus,the magnetostrictive strain and relative permeability of amorphous alloys with a magnetic field and compressive stress applied can be calculated.Secondly,the compressive stress applied structure of the SRMA is proposed according to the inverse-magnetostriction effect,and a finite element model of the structure is established to verify its stability.Then,according to the extended solution of the electromagnetic stress and magnetostrictive stress,a two-way dynamic electromagnetic-force coupling model of the SRMA considering the magnetostriction and inverse-magnetostriction effects is established.Finally,experiments and finite element calculations are carried out on the vibration characteristics of SRMA.The magnetic flux density in the stator yoke area remained at about 0.3 T before and after the improvement,which shows that the SRMA can still maintain the original running state after the improvement.Furthermore,the finite element calculation results before and after considering the magnetostriction of the SRMA stator are compared.It is shown that the main sources of vibration are magnetostrictive stress and electromagnetic stress.Among them,the proportion of magnetostrictive stress in dynamic stress can reach up to 42.4%.Besides,after the stator teeth are applied to 24 MPa compressive stress,the radial magnetic flux density near the bolt is significantly reduced due to the force-magnetic coupling,and the radial magnetic flux density and electromagnetic stress in the air gap are reduced by 26.3%and 44.5%,respectively.By comparing the experimental and simulation results of the vibration displacement,the spectral distribution is consistent,which verifies the accuracy of the proposed SRMA model.The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation and experiment analysis:(1)The proposed force-magnetic coupling constitutive relation of the amorphous alloy can simulate the magnetostriction and the inverse-magnetostriction effect,and the nonlinear effect of stress on the relative permeability of amorphous alloys can be described more accurately.(2)By solving the two-way dynamic electromagnetic-force coupling model of the SRMA,the magnetostriction effect cannot be ignored in the vibration analysis of SRMA.(3)The compressive stress applied structure of the stator teeth can reduce vibrations while maintaining the original operation of the SRMA.It provides a new idea for research on the vibration reduction of SRMAs.
作者
贲彤
王进
陈龙
井立兵
闫荣格
Ben Tong;Wang Jin;Chen Long;Jing Libing;Yan Rongge(College of Electrical Engineering and New Energy China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002 China;Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Microgrid China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002 China;State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130 China)
出处
《电工技术学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期2648-2660,共13页
Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society
基金
国家自然科学基金(52007102,52207012)
省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(河北工业大学)开放课题基金(EERI_KF2021015)资助项目。
关键词
磁致伸缩逆效应
磁致伸缩效应
电磁振动
开关磁阻电机减振方法
非晶合金
Inverse-magnetostriction effect
magnetostriction effect
electromagnetic vibration
vibration reduction method of switched reluctance motor
amorphous alloy
