摘要
目的 对2019-2021年青岛市崂山区食源性疾病患者进行流行病学分析,了解当地近年来食源性疾病的流行特征,为进一步完善食源性疾病的防治策略提供科学依据。方法 收集整理2019-2021年崂山区食源性疾病患者信息,对食源性疾病患者的时间分布、人群分布、主要临床症状分布、可疑暴露食品的分布情况和病原检测结果进行统计学分析。结果 2019-2021年共上报食源性疾病患者6 802例,夏秋季节高发,8月份上报患者数最多(1 192例);年龄分布以>15~65岁中青年为主,职业主要是农民、学生和工人;进食场所主要为家庭,加工方式以散装和家庭自制为主;可疑暴露食品种类前4位分别为水果类及其制品(21.05%)、水产动物及其制品(19.13%)、肉与肉制品(15.33%)、蔬菜类及其制品(11.39%);临床表现以消化系统症状最为常见,主要表现为腹泻(89.36%)、腹痛(67.92%)、恶心(54.91%)和呕吐(57.70%)。共检测生物标本130份,阳性标本45份。其中诺如病毒阳性19份,检出时间主要分布在冬春季节;副溶血弧菌阳性15份,沙门菌阳性11份,检出时间主要分布在夏秋季节。结论 崂山区食源性疾病的主要可疑暴露食物为水果类及其制品和水产动物及其制品,发病高峰主要在夏秋季节。夏秋季节致病因子以副溶血弧菌、沙门菌为主,冬春季节致病因子以诺如病毒为主。
Objective Epidemiological analysis of the cases of foodborne diseases in Laoshan District of Qingdao from 2019 to 2021 to understand the epidemic characteristics of local foodborne diseases in recent years and provide scientific basis for further improving the prevention and control strategies of foodborne diseases. Methods Collected and sorted out the case information of foodborne diseases in Laoshan District from 2019 to 2021. The time distribution, population distribution, distribution of main clinical symptoms, distribution of suspiciously exposed food, and pathogen detection results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 6 802 cases of foodborne diseases were reported from 2019 to 2021, with a high incidence in summer and autumn, and the largest number of cases reported in August(1 192 cases). The age distribution was dominated by young and middle-aged people >15-65 years old, and the occupations were mainly farmers, students and workers. The eating place was mainly family, and the processing mode was mainly bulk and home-made. The top four food categories suspected to be exposed were fruits and their products(21.05%), aquatic animals and their products(19.13%), meat and meat products(15.33%), vegetables and their products(11.39%). Digestive system symptoms were the most common clinical manifestations, including diarrhea(89.36%), abdominal pain(67.92%), nausea(54.91%) and vomiting(57.70%). A total of 130 biological samples and 45 positive samples were detected. Among them, 19 cases were positive for norovirus, which was mainly detected in winter and spring. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was positive in 15 cases and Salmonella was positive in 11 cases. The detection time was mainly in summer and autumn. Conclusions The main suspicious exposed foods of foodborne diseases in Laoshan District are fruits and their products, aquatic animals and their products. The peak of the disease is mainly in summer and autumn. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella are the main pathogenic factors in summer and autumn, and norovirus is the main pathogenic factor in winter and spring.
作者
张慧龙
王永先
张涛
ZHANG Huilong;WANG Yongxian;ZHANG Tao(Qingdao Laoshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingdao 266100,China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
CAS
2023年第8期390-393,共4页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
食源性疾病
监测
流行病学特征
诺如病毒
副溶血弧菌
沙门菌
foodborne disease
monitor
epidemiological characteristics
norovirus
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Salmonella
