摘要
目的了解深圳市宝安区孕产妇丙肝防治知识知晓率及其影响因素,为辖区孕产妇群体落实消除病毒性肝炎公共卫生危害目标提供相关数据支撑。方法于2021年10月-2022年4月,采用多阶段抽样方法,在宝安区母婴保健机构产前门诊对前来产检的孕产妇开展问卷调查,收集一般人口学信息、丙肝防治知识、高危行为、自评风险等信息,统计分析丙肝防治知识知晓率及其与高危行为、自评风险的关联,利用logistic回归分析方法探索影响孕产妇知晓丙肝防治知识的影响因素。结果共调查1526名孕产妇,总体知晓率为41.42%(632/1526),“丙肝可以治愈”知晓率最低为36.50%,其次是“性行为可以传播丙肝”知晓率为38.20%。Logistic回归分析显示,文化程度越高、就诊医院属于西部地区、首胎怀孕是孕产妇知晓丙肝知识的保护因素;就诊医院属于中部地区、职业为其他是孕产妇知晓丙肝知识的危险因素。孕产妇丙肝相关高危行为特征以不安全诊疗活动为主,自认感染风险较高或很高者占比最少(2.69%)。孕产妇丙肝防治知识知晓与否,两者高危行为分布差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.16,P=0.08)、自评风险分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.05,P<0.001);孕产妇无任何高危行为者定义为无高危行为特征,至少有一项者定义为有高危行为特征,两者自评风险分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=37.36,P<0.001)。结论深圳市宝安区孕产妇丙肝防治知识水平较低,要加强丙肝治疗进展、性传播风险的知识宣教,重点关注低文化水平、经产妇、低收入等群体孕产妇的丙肝防治知识普及,强化医源性感染风险防控,减少辖区内不同片区就诊机构间就诊孕产妇的认知差距。与此同时,要采取措施降低孕产妇丙肝感染高危行为,避免“知行分离”现象。
Objective To understand the awareness rate and influencing factors of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge among pregnant women in Bao'an district,Shenzhen,and provide relevant data support for the implementation of the goal of eliminating the public health hazards of viral hepatitis among pregnant and lying-in women in Bao'an district.Methods From October 2021 to April 2022,a multi-stage sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on pregnant women who came to the antenatal clinic of Bao'an district Maternal and Child Health Care Institution.General demographic information,knowledge of hepatitis C prevention and treatment,high-risk behaviors,self-assessment risk and other information were collected.The awareness rates of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge and its association with high-risk behaviors and self-assessment risks were analyzed.Logistic regression analysis method was used to explore the influencing factors of pregnant women's knowledge of hepatitis C prevention and treatment.Results A total of 1526pregnant women were surveyed,and the overall awareness rate was 41.42%(632/1526).The awareness rate of“hepatitis C can be cured”was the lowest(36.50%),followed by the awareness rate of“sexual behavior can transmit hepatitis C”(38.20%).Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the education level,the hospital in the western region,and the first pregnancy were the protective factors for pregnant women to know about hepatitis C.Hospitals in the central region and with other occupations were risk factors for pregnant women's knowledge of hepatitis C.The high-risk behaviors related to hepatitis C among pregnant women were mainly characterized by unsafe diagnosis and treatment activities,and the proportion of those who believed that the risk of infection was high or very high was the least(2.69%).There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of high-risk behaviors between pregnant women who know the knowledge of hepatitis C prevention and treatment(χ^(2)=3.16,P=0.08),but the difference in self-assessed risk distribution was statistically significant(χ^(2)=27.05,P<0.001).Pregnant women who did not have any high-risk behavior were defined as having no high-risk behavior characteristics,and those who had at least one of them were defined as having high-risk behavior characteristics.The difference in self-assessed risk distribution between the two was statistically significant(χ^(2)=37.36,P<0.001).Conclusions The knowledge level of hepatitis C prevention and treatment among pregnant women in Bao′an district,Shenzhen was relatively low.It was necessary to strengthen the education on the progress of hepatitis C treatment and the risk of sexual transmission.The dissemination of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge should be focused on low-education,multipara,low-income and other groups of pregnant women.The prevention and control of iatrogenic infection risks,and reduce the cognitive gap among pregnant women who seek medical treatment among different medical institutions in the jurisdiction should be strengthened.At the same time,measures should be taken to reduce the high-risk behaviors of hepatitis C infection among pregnant women and avoid the phenomenon of“separation of knowledge and action”.
作者
饶展宏
赖婷敏
郑丹
RAO Zhanhong;LAI Tingmin;ZHENG Dan(Bao'an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518101,China;The People's Hospital of Bao'an Shenzhen,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518101,China;Shenzhen Yanluotang Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518105,China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2023年第4期583-588,共6页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
宝安区医疗卫生基础研究项目(2020JD147)。
关键词
孕产妇
丙肝
知晓率
影响因素
Pregnant woman
Hepatitis C
Awareness rate
Interfering factor
