摘要
为油茶果壳废弃物寻求有效综合利用方式,将占比为40%(C1)、50%(C2)、60%(C3)的油茶果壳与一定比例的粪肥、油茶饼粕、尿素、磷酸二氢钾以及固体混合菌剂混合后,进行堆肥发酵。分析不同配比的油茶果壳在有机肥发酵过程中有机质(SOM)、有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)、总养分、C/N等理化指标的变化特征,利用可见吸收光谱法(Vis)和红外光谱法(FTIR)表征发酵过程中有机物结构变化特征。结果表明:C3处理组为发酵最佳的有机肥,SOM、SOC、C/N值在第6个月达到最高,分别为69.37、40.24、10.95 g·kg^(-1),且均高于C1和C2处理组。而三个处理组中TN、TP、TK、总养分含量无明显变化,且处理组之间差异不显著。最后根据E4/E6值和FTIR图,得出C3处理组在发酵后第2个月进入腐殖化稳定阶段,腐殖化周期最短,腐殖质中芳构化和缩合度最多,并且推测出C3处理组在发酵过程中有机物降解规律。表明在有机肥发酵过程中,油茶果壳比例越高,越有利于有机肥中养分的积累,越有利于有机肥的腐熟。本研究为油茶果壳有机肥后续实验提供数据参考,同时为油茶果壳的处理提供一种有效的综合利用方式。
Camellia oleifera nut shell can be effectively utilized as the waste components for the compost fermentation in sustainable development in recent years.In this study,a series of experiments were performed on the compost fermentation with the different proportion of Camellia oleifera nut shell(40%(C1),50%(C2),and 60%(C3)).The rest mixtures were taken as the manure,Camellia oleifera cake meal,urea,potassium dihydrogen phosphate,and solid mixture of bacteria.Some physicochemical indexes were also analyzed,including the organic matter(SOM),organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),total potassium(TK),total nutrients,and carbon to nitrogen(C/N)ratio during fermentation.The structural changes of organic matter were then characterized in the fermentation process by the visible absorption spectrum(Vis)and infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The results showed that the C3 treatment was the best organic fertilizer of Camellia oleifera nut shell for compost fermentation.Among them,the highest values of SOM,SOC and C/N were achieved in the sixth month,which were 69.37,40.24,and 10.95g·kg^(-1),respectively.However,there was no significant variation in the contents of TN,TP,and TK,as well as the total nutrients with the fermentation time.Furthermore,there was little difference among the three treatments.According to the E 4/E 6 value and FTIR diagram,the C3 treatment rapidly entered the humification stabilization in the second month after fermentation,particularly with the shortest humification cycle and the highest level of aromatization and condensation in the humus.It inferred that the better degradation of organic matter was obtained in the C3 treatment during fermentation.Therefore,the higher the proportion of Camellia oleifera nut shell in the fermentation process of organic fertilizer was,the much more accumulation of nutrients and the better rotting of organic fertilizer were.This finding can provide the data reference for the follow-up experiments of Camellia oleifera nut shell organic fertilizer.At the same time,an effective utilization can be offered to treat the Camellia oleifera nut shell.
作者
卢香
黄安香
柏文恋
黄安平
杨守禄
LU Xiang;HUANG Anxiang;BAI Wenlian;HUANG Anping;YANG Shoulu(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005,China;Ceheng County Forestry Bureau,Ceheng 550025,China)
出处
《贵州林业科技》
2023年第2期1-7,共7页
Guizhou Forestry Science and Technology
基金
贵州省科技支撑计划(黔科合支撑[2021]一般130)
贵州省农村产业革命特色林业产业项目(特林研[2020]14号)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合服企[2020]4010)。
关键词
油茶果壳
有机肥
发酵
养分
光谱表征
Camellia oleifera nut shell
organic fertilizer
fermentation
nutrients
spectral characteristics
