摘要
利用东京台风中心提供的1951—2021年西北太平洋热带气旋资料,统计分析了西北太平洋热带气旋发生源地和发生频率的气候特征。结果表明:热带气旋主要发生在6°N~20°N的纬度带内,我国南海中部偏东洋面(16°N~18°N,114°E~120°E)、菲律宾群岛东部洋面(10°N~14°N,128°E~132°E)、加罗林群岛中部洋面(6°N~14°N,134°E~152°E)和马绍尔群岛附近洋面(8°N-10°N,160°E-162°E)为高发海域;热带气旋生成的平均位置存在明显的季节变化,冬季偏南偏东,夏季偏北偏西;热带气旋发生频数具有明显的年际变化特征,20世纪60年代、80年代发生数较多,21世纪00年代发生数最少;西北太平洋全年各月都有热带气旋发生,发生频数最多的为8月份,最少的为2月份,7—10月是热带气旋发生的盛行期,期间热带气旋发生数占全年总数的近70%。以上结论可为船舶正确预测和防避热带气旋提供参考。
The climatic characteristics of the source and frequency of tropical cyclones in the northwest Pacific Ocean between 1951 and 2021 were statistically analyzed using the tropical cyclone data provided by the Tokyo Typhoon Center.The results show that tropical cyclones mainly occur in the latitudinal zone of 6°N~20°N,the central eastern ocean surface of the South China Sea(16°N~18°N,114°E~120°E),the eastern ocean surface of the Philippine Islands(10°N~14°N,128°E~132°E),the central ocean surface of the Caroline Islands(6°N~14°N,134°E~152°E)and the ocean surface near the Marshall Islands(8°N~10°N,160°E~162°E).The average location of tropical cyclone generation has obvious seasonal variation,southerly and easterly in winter and northerly and westerly in summer;the frequency of tropical cyclones has obvious annual variation,with more occurrence in the 1960s and 1980s and the least occurrence in the 2000s;the northwest Pacific tropical cyclones occur in all months of the year,the most frequent occurrence is in August,and the least is in February.July to October is the prevalent period of tropical cyclone occurrence,during which the number of tropical cyclone occurrence accounts for nearly 70%of the total number of the year.The above findings may provide reference for the correct prediction and avoidance of tropical cyclones by ships.
作者
杨亚新
YANG Ya-xin(School of Nautical Technology,Jiangsu Shipping College,Nantong 226010,China)
出处
《江苏航运职业技术学院学报》
2023年第1期20-24,共5页
Journal of Jiangsu Shipping College
关键词
西北太平洋
热带气旋
发生源地
发生频率
气候特征
Northwest Pacific Ocean
tropical cyclone
source of occurrence
frequency of occurrence
climatic characteristics
