摘要
Brønsted acid site(S/Cl)-functional carbon materials were prepared by ball-milling(bm)L-cysteine and ammonium chloride to form chemical complex solids,by post-heat treatment(Q)of the solids at 500°C under a nitrogen gas atmosphere to stabilize and fortify amino and functional group solid structures and by post-oxidative treatment with H_(2)O_(2)to add Brønsted acidity.The as-prepared carbon materials(S/Cl@bm_(x)Q_(y);x,y in hours)contained Brønsted acid sites(sul-fonates,chlorides),oxygen-containing groups(-COOH,-OH)and amino functional groups.The S/Cl@bm_(x)Q_(y)materials were applied as catalysts to promote conversion of fructose in ethanol solvent to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF)and 5-ethoxymethylfurfural(5-EMF).Among the carbon materials,S/Cl@bm_(3)Q_(1)gave 5-EMF and 5-HMF yields of 67.0%and 22.8%,respectively,in pure ethanol at 140℃for 24 h reaction time,while a reaction time of 18 h gave total 5-EMF and 5-HMF yields of 96.4%.Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)was applied as additive to the ethanol-fructose-S/Cl@bm_(3)Q_(1)reaction system which showed that 5-HMF product selectivity could be controlled with DMSO concentration.The protocol developed allows simple preparation of func-tional carbon materials that have high catalytic activity and are effective for conversion of fructose to 5-HMF and 5-EMF in ethanol.
基金
the Iwatani Naoji Foundation and from the Materials Processing Science project("Mate-realize")of the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(MEXT)(No.JPMXP0219192801).
