摘要
“气”是中国古典哲学的元范畴,在文论、画论、中医、武术等领域有广泛的应用,但在翻译研究中还有待深入引介,以使其成为中国特色翻译理论的有机组成部分。本文比较系统地探讨“气”及其次级范畴在翻译研究中的应用,主要观点为:译以气为主,气乃翻译生成之本源;翻译过程以达气为主,包括传达原文之文气和通达译文之文气,文气又可具体分为气象、气脉和气韵3个层面;翻译批评以观气为主,包括作者之志气、气之盛衰变易、译文之文气、文气之清浊等方面;翻译伦理以养气为主,译者的浩然之气以诚为第一要义,气盛则诚,其它还包括人品高、言辞信等。
Qi(variously translated as force,breath,air,humor,pneuma,vitality or energy,etc.),as a highly productive term and the foundation of classical Chinese philosophy,is widely used in literary theory,painting theory,traditional Chinese medicine,martial arts and so on.There is also great potential for it to be systematically applied in literary translation studies as an important part of translation theories with Chinese characteristics.This paper explores this issue by putting forward the following major views:1)translation is born from qi,which,in turn,is the dominant factor in translation just as what Cao Pi said nearly a thousand years ago-"qi is the dominant factor in literature";2)in translation process,emphasis should be placed on reproducing the literary qi(wenqi)in the source text and enrich it in the target text,and qi can be further classified into qixiang(manifestation of qi),qimai(vessel of qi)and qiyun(charm of qi);3)in translation criticism,emphasis should be placed on observing qi,including the intention of the author(zhiqi),the change of literary qi from the source text to the target text,the literary qi in the target text as an independent text,the clean and murky nature of literary qi and so on;4)in translation ethics,it is the major task of the translator to cultivate his or her"great qi"(haoran zhiqi,or the Great Morale),which centers on one's inner sincerity(cheng)and also takes into consideration an ennobled personality and his or her trustworthy words.It is hoped this paper would provoke more discussion on the application of qi in literary translation studies.
作者
冯全功
Feng Quan-gong(School of International Studies,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《外语学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第3期61-67,共7页
Foreign Language Research
基金
国家社科基金项目“基于翻译手稿的文学翻译修改研究”(22BYY026)的阶段性成果。
关键词
翻译研究
气
达气
观气
养气
translation studies
qi
reproducing and enriching qi
observing qi
cultivating qi
