摘要
采用传统粉末冶金压制烧结工艺制备的铝合金零件将逐渐替代汽车、电器等行业的部分压铸和机加工零件。实验采用粉末冶金技术制备了6061铝合金并研究了压制压力(140~330 MPa)和烧结温度(566~616℃)对其密度、微观组织、尺寸变化率和性能的影响规律。结果表明:随压制压力增加,烧结态试样的密度和硬度先升高后降低,尺寸变化率逐渐减小,抗拉强度和导电性能则连续改善,但以上各指标均随烧结温度上升而提高。总体上,210 MPa压制、616℃烧结的试样综合性能最佳,密度2.597 g/cm^(3)、硬度38.4HV、抗拉强度139 MPa、尺寸收缩率1.6%;进一步地,对其进行T6热处理可将硬度提高186%至109HV,抗拉强度提高95%至271 MPa,断后伸长率由11.9%降为2.2%。研究的相关结果可为粉末冶金6061铝合金的工业开发和应用提供有益参考。
Aluminum alloy parts prepared by traditional powder metallurgy pressing and sintering process can fully play the advantages of nearly net forming and lightweight.It will gradually replace some die-casting and machined parts in automobile,electrical appliances and other industries,which is of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.6061 Al alloy was prepared by powder metallurgy technology,and the effects of compaction pressure(140~330 MPa)and sintering temperature(566~616℃)on material density,microstructure,dimensional change rate and properties were studied in this paper.In addition,T6 heat treatment was performed to improve mechanical properties of 6061 Al alloy.The results show that with the increase of compaction pressure,the density and hardness of the sintered samples increase first and then decrease,the dimensional change rate gradually decreases,and the tensile strength and electrical conductivity are improved continuously,but all the indexes above are improved with the increase of sintering temperature.The improvement of compaction pressure will gradually reduce the pores in the alloy substrate,increasing the sintering temperature can produce more lowmelting-point liquid phase filling pores to promote alloy density.In general,the comprehensive performance of the sample pressed at 210 MPa and sintered at 616℃ are potential,with the density of 2.597 g/cm^(3),hardness of 38.4HV,tensile strength of 139 MPa and stable dimensional shrinkage rate of 1.6%.Further,the sintered sample is subjected to T6 heat treatment.After heat treatment,the hardness of the sample increases by 186%to 109HV,the tensile strength increases by 95%to 271 MPa,and the elongation after fracture decrease from 11.9%to 2.2%.This research can provide useful reference for the industrial development and application of powder metallurgy 6061Alalloy.
作者
杨梦想
黄朋朋
史思阳
王娇娇
吴亚科
江峰
YANG Mengxiang;HUANG Pengpeng;SHI Siyang;WANG Jiaojiao;WU Yake;JIANG Feng(State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)
出处
《粉末冶金工业》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第3期30-37,共8页
Powder Metallurgy Industry
关键词
粉末冶金
压制压力
烧结温度
力学性能
T6热处理
powder metallurgy
compaction pressure
sintering temperature
mechanical property
T6 heat treatment
