摘要
2020年4~6月和11~12月,在三峡水库干支流8个典型江段开展外来鱼类的种类组成、相对丰度和空间分布特征的初步研究。结果显示:(1)在三峡库区干支流江段共采集到鱼类108种,隶属于8目21科,其中外来鱼类16种,占鱼类总种数的14.81%;(2)在外来鱼类中优势种有3种,分别为短颌鲚(Coilia brachygnathus)、太湖新银鱼(Neosalanx taihuensis)和尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus),其中短颌鲚在除乌江江段以外的其他7个采样江段中均为优势种,相对优势度分布范围为2.05%~18.71%;太湖新银鱼在支流小江和大宁河江段为优势种,相对优势度分别为2.83%和8.39%;尼罗罗非鱼仅在支流小江江段为优势种,相对优势度为1.56%;(3)外来鱼类在干流渔获物中的相对丰度明显低于其在支流渔获物中的相对丰度,其中外来鱼类在支流小江江段渔获物中的体重百分比最高,为12.30%;在大宁河江段渔获物中的数量百分比最高,为57.55%。鉴于目前三峡库区外来鱼类物种的资源状况,建议采取综合防治措施对三峡库区外来鱼类的种群数量进行管理与控制,从而避免其对库区土著鱼类资源造成的可能性影响。
The species composition,relative abundance and spatial distribution of alien fish were studied in 8 typical sections of the Three Gorges Reservoir from April to June and November to December 2020.The results showed that:(1)There were 108 species of fish in the main and tributary streams of the Three Gorges Reservoir area,belonging to 8 orders and 21 families,of which 16 species were alien fish,accounting for 14.81%of the total number of fish species collected.(2)The alien fish,Coilia brachygnathus,Neosalanx taihuensis,Oreochromis niloticus,were dominant species.Except Wujiang River,Coilia brachygnathus was the dominant species in other seven sampling sections,and the relative dominance were 2.05%-18.71%;In the tributaries of Xiaojiang River and Daning River,Neosalanx taihuensis was the dominant species,with a relative dominance of 2.83%and 8.39%,respectively;Oreochromis niloticus was the dominant species only in the Xiaojiang River,with a relative dominance of 1.56%.(3)The relative abundance of alien fish in the main stream was significantly lower than that in the tributary,and the weight percentage of alien fish in the tributary of Xiaojiang was the highest,12.30%;the abundance percentage of alien fish in the tributary of Daning was the highest,57.55%.In view of results,to avoid the possible impact of alien fish on fish resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir,the comprehensive control measures were proposed to manage and control the population of alien fish.
作者
董纯
杨志
朱其广
罗安红
龚云
唐会元
陈小娟
DONG Chun;YANG Zhi;ZHU Qi-guang;LUO An-hong;GONG Yun;TANG Hui-yuan;CHEN Xiao-juan(Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem,Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,China;Shiyan Institute of Agricultural Products Quality Inspection and Testing,Shiyan 442000,China)
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期928-938,共11页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
国家自然科学基金(51879171)
中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目(0799253)
水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室开放课题资助(KL-MWR-202102)。
关键词
外来鱼类
种类组成
相对丰度
空间分布
三峡水库
alien fish
species composition
relative abundance
spatial distribution
Three Gorges Reservoir
