摘要
路面结冰将明显降低车辆与道路之间的摩擦系数,是导致交通安全事故的重要原因之一,而桥面更容易出现结冰现象。已有研究主要针对环境温度等外界条件对路面结冰的影响与行车安全分级判断,缺乏结冰条件下桥面摩擦系数的定量研究。文章基于热传导定律模拟了桥面冰温变化,开展了时变温度下桥面结冰状态和摩擦系数研究,揭示了摩擦系数与车重、车速以及冰温之间的关系,给出了时变温度下考虑桥面结冰的摩擦系数变化过程,为桥梁行车安全研究提供了一定参考。结果表明:桥面冰温变化具有明显的滞后特性,桥面摩擦系数最低时发生在桥面冰温接近融点形成水膜;车速以及车载的增加会显著降低摩擦系数,当车速或者车重较小时摩擦热不足以使冰融化。
The friction coefficient between the vehicle and the road is significantly reduced by road icing.It is one of the important causes of traffic accidents.The bridge deck is more prone to ice at a certain height above the ground.Existing studies mainly focus on the influence of environmental temperature and other external conditions on road icing and the classification and judgment of driving safety.The quantitative research on the friction coefficient of bridge deck under icing condition is lacking.Based on the heat conduction law,the ice temperature change of bridge deck is simulated.The icing state and friction coefficient of bridge deck under timevarying temperature are studied in this paper.The relationship between friction coefficient and vehicle weight,speed and ice temperature is revealed.The changing process of friction coefficient considering icing of bridge deck under time-varying temperature is given.This provides some reference for bridge traffic safety research.The results are as follows.The ice temperature change of bridge deck has obvious hysteresis characteristic.The lowest friction coefficient of bridge deck occurs when the ice temperature of bridge deck is close to the melting point and water film is formed.The increase of vehicle speed and vehicle load will significantly reduce the coefficient of friction.When the speed or weight of the vehicle is small,the friction heat is not enough to melt the ice.
作者
罗廷源
汪斌
闵泉
LUO Ting-yuan;WANG Bin;MIN Quan
出处
《内蒙古公路与运输》
2023年第2期32-38,共7页
Highways & Transportation in Inner Mongolia
基金
国家自然科学基金(51878579,U21A20154)。
关键词
桥梁工程
结冰
摩擦系数
bridge engineering
icing
friction coefficient
