摘要
党的二十大报告强调,我们要积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和。民以食为天,粮食是维持人类生命的基本需求,粮食从生产、加工、运输、使用以及废弃处理等各阶段的能源消耗及其对环境的影响,近年来开始受到国内外的广泛关注。文中基于生命周期理论,利用实地调研数据结合相关文献,分析计算我国稻米生命周期各阶段的碳排放。结果显示:每千克普通稻米的碳排放为1.1492kg,农业生产阶段为稻米碳排放的主要阶段,占据碳排放总量的47.46%,其次为使用阶段占27.91%、加工阶段和运输阶段各占18.28%和6.10%,废弃处理阶段最少不足0.26%;每千克有机稻米的碳排放为1.4042kg,同样是农业生产阶段为碳排放消耗的主要阶段,占据碳排放总量的49.52%,其次为使用阶段占22.84%、加工阶段和运输阶段各占14.96%和12.11%,最后为废弃处理阶段仅占0.57%。研究认为,每千克有机米的碳排放量显著高于普通米的碳排放量,这与有机米的产量较低有关。文中建议通过对稻米原料阶段的生长技术进行改善、大力推行农产品地产地消等方式降低稻米的碳排放。
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasizes that we should actively and steadily promote carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Food is the most important thing for the people,and grain is the basic requirement for maintaining human life.The energy consumption and environmental impact of grain at various stages of production,processing,transportation,comsumption and waste disposal have attracted widespread attention at home and abroad in recent years.Based on the life cycle theory,we analyze and calculate the carbon emissions of rice at each stage of its life cycle by using field survey data and relevant literature.The results show that the carbon emission of each kilogram of ordinary rice is 1.1492kg,and the agricultural production stage is the main stage for carbon emissions of rice,accounting for 47.46%of the total carbon emission,followed by the consumption stage,accounting for 27.91%,the processing stage and the transportation stage account for 18.28%and 6.10%,respectively,and the waste disposal stage is the least,less than 0.26%.The carbon emission of each kilogram of organic rice is 1.4042kg,and the agricultural production stage is also the main stage for carbon emission consumption,accounting for 49.52%of the total carbon emission,followed by the consumption stage,accounting for 22.84%,the processing stage and the transportation stage account for 14.96%and 12.11%,respectively,and the waste disposal stage is only 0.57%.This study indicates that the carbon emission of each kilogram of organic rice is significantly higher than that of ordinary rice,which is related to the lower yield of organic rice.This study suggests that the carbon emission of rice can be reduced by improving the growth technology of rice raw material stage,vigorously promoting the local production and consumption of agricultural products and other ways.
作者
马海波
朱强
MA Haibo;ZHU Qiang(College of Food and Material Science,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing 222000;School of Economics and Management,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期11-19,共9页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
四川省哲学社会科学重点研究基地项目(PXKY-YB-202210)
省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地课题(CJCB2022-07)
成都市哲学社会科学重点研究基地项目(CXZL202203)
德阳市哲学社会科学重点研究基地项目(WHLY2023001)资助
。
关键词
稻米
生命周期
碳足迹
二十大报告
rice
the life cycle
carbon footprint
20th National Congress Report
