摘要
Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common cancers worldwide and,despite improvements in treatment options for late-stage metastatic cancer,there are still questions surrounding how best to treat early-stage disease patients.Some recent advances have been made in the staging of cancer and improving the risk assessment of strategies for patient treatment.A number of high-risk features have been proposed that may help to stratify stage Ⅱ cancer patients into groups that will truly benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.Diagnostic tests are becoming available to measure these biomarkers,utilizing both currently available and novel technologies.This review will describe the challenges in treatment decisions for early-stage colon cancer and how personalized medicine can assist clinicians in making the best treatment choices for patients with stage Ⅱ colon cancer in particular.
结直肠癌是世界范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。尽管晚期转移性结直肠癌的治疗方法不断进步,但对于早期结肠癌患者的最佳治疗选择仍然存在争议。在肿瘤分期和风险评估方面,近期研究取得了一些进展。一些高危因素或有助于对Ⅱ期结肠癌进行分层,从而筛选出真正能从辅助化疗中获益的患者。基于现有技术和一些新技术,越来越多的诊断实验可用于检测这些风险标志物。本文描述了早期结肠癌在治疗决策方面所面临的挑战,并重点探讨了如何将精准医学用于帮助临床医生对Ⅱ期结肠癌患者作出最佳的治疗选择。
