摘要
阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s Disease,AD)是一种神经退行性疾病,以记忆功能和认知功能障碍为主要特征的神经系统疾病。AD的发病机制及病因尚未明确,普遍认为AD的发生与神经炎症反应、能量合成障神经凋亡和谷氨酸神经毒性效应等相关,年龄、遗传性、教育程度、脑部受损状况等因素都可能影响AD的发生。中医学中无AD有关论述,但根据其临床症状,可以与古代中医文献中的“痴呆”“呆病”等疾病相联系。中医学将AD主要分为髓海不足型、阴虚火旺型、肝肾阴虚型、脾肾阳虚型,认为其发病主要与心、肾、脾等脏腑相关。五味子是中医学治疗阿尔茨海默病的常用饮片,具有收敛固涩、补肾宁心、益气生津之功效。现代药理研究表明其主要成分五味子乙素、五味子醇甲、五味子酸性多糖等成分具有抗氧化、改善记忆力、镇静催眠等作用,或可通过抑制氧化应激、抗神经细胞凋亡、抗炎等机制对AD产生一定治疗作用。文章从AD的中医学认识、治疗方法以及中药五味子的现代药理学成分出发,对AD的治疗作用研究进展进行综述,明确中医学对AD治疗的特殊优势,为今后中医学治疗AD提供新的思路。
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory and cognitive dysfunction.The pathogenesis and etiology of AD are not clear.It is generally believed that the occurrence of AD is related to neuroinflammatory reaction,energy synthesis barrier,neuronal apoptosis and glutamate neurotoxic effect.Age,heredity,education level,brain damage and other factors may affect the occurrence of AD.There is no discussion about AD in TCM,but according to its clinical symptoms,it can be related to imbecile,dementia and other diseases in ancient Chinese medicine literature.TCM divides ad into four major types:deficiency of Suihai(髓海),deficiency of Yin(阴)and fire,deficiency of liver and kidney Yin,and deficiency of spleen and kidney Yang(阳).It is believed that the pathogenesis of AD is mainly related to the heart,kidney,spleen and other viscera.Wuweizi(Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis)is a commonly used decoction for the treatment of AD in TCM.It has the effects of convergence and inducing astringency,tonifying the kidney and calming the heart,supplementing Qi(气)and promoting fluid production.Modern pharmacological studies show that its main components schisandrin B(SCH B),Schisandra alcohol A(SCH),schisandrin acid polysaccharide(SCP-A)and other components have antioxidant,memory improving,sedative and hypnotic effects,or can have certain therapeutic effects on AD by inhibiting oxidative stress,anti neuronal apoptosis,anti-inflammatory and other mechanisms.This article reviews the research progress of the therapeutic effect of AD from the perspective of the TCM understanding of AD,the treatment methods and the modern pharmacological components of Wuweizi.It clarifies the special advantages of TCM medicine in the treatment of AD,and provides a new idea for the treatment of AD by TCM in the future.
出处
《中医临床研究》
2023年第11期91-97,共7页
Clinical Journal Of Chinese Medicine
基金
黑龙江省中医药科研项目(ZHY2020-058)。
