摘要
为了解不同产地选育的油茶品种在广东省梅州市的生长适应性,以江西、湖南、广西及广东等地选育的22个油茶品种为试验材料,对其造林成活率、生长量、病害发生情况、开花及初挂果等早期生长性状进行调查与分析,并对参试品种在梅州的生长适应性进行初步评价。结果表明:造林1.9 a后,不同品种保存率在40.0%~100%间,其中湘林210号-T、华金、长林53号、粤韶75-2、赣州油1号、赣州油7号及赣无2号的造林保存率均在95%以上。2.8年生林分树高、地径、冠幅在品种间差异均达到极显著水平,树高生长以梅1号表现最优,其次为湘林210号-T;地径生长以长林40号、赣州油7号、华金、华鑫,以及湘林210号-T表现较好;冠幅生长以梅1号表现最好,其次为湘林210号-T、长林4号、岑软2号。早期开花及挂果方面,以湘林210号-T表现最好,3.3年生林分所有植株均已开花、结果,单株平均挂果量为13.3个,单株最高挂果量为52个;其次为梅1号。病虫害抗性方面,参试油茶品种幼林期的病害情况均较轻,抗性等级以高抗、中抗为主,其中:华金、湘林210号-T、长林4号、长林53号、湘林1号、湘林210号-C、梅3均属于高抗品种。综合平均法表明湘林210号-T、梅1、赣州油7号、长林4号和华鑫在梅州种植的早期生长表现比较优异,属于较为适合梅州种植的品种。
To understand the growth adaptability of Camellia oleifera varieties selected from different producing areas in Meizhou,Guangdong,a total of 22 varieties of C.oleifera from Jiangxi,Hunan,Guangxi,and Guangdong were selected as the experiment materials to investigate and analyze their early growth traits such as afforestation survival rate,growth rate,disease occurrence,flowering,and initial fruit setting,and to preliminarily evaluate the growth adaptability of the tested varieties in Meizhou.The results showed that after 1.9 years of afforestation,the preservation rates of different varieties ranged from 40.0%to 100%.Among them,the afforestation preservation rates of Xianglin 210-T,Huajin,Changlin 53,Yueshao 75-2,Ganzhouyou 1,Ganzhouyou 7,and Ganwu 2 were all above 95%.The differences in tree height,ground diameter,and crown diameter among varieties in the 2.8-year-old forest stand reached extremely significant levels.Mei-1 showed the best performance in tree height growth,followed by Xianglin 210-T;Changlin 40,Ganzhou You 7,Huajin,Huaxin,and Xianglin 210-T showed better ground diameter growth;the growth of crown diameter is best performed by Mei-1,followed by Xianglin 210-T,Changlin 4,and Cenruan 2.In terms of early flowering and fruiting,Xianglin 210-T showed the best performance.All plants in the 3.3-year-old forest had already bloomed and fruited,with anaverage fruiting quantity of 13.3 per plant and a maximum fruiting quantity of 52 per plant;the second is Mei 1.In terms of disease and pest resistance,the disease situation of the tested C.oleifera varieties in the young forest stage is relatively light,and the resistance grade is mainly high resistance and medium resistance,among which:Huajin,Xianglin 210-t,Changlin 4,Changlin 53,Xianglin 1,Xianglin 210-c,Mei 3 are all high resistance varieties.The comprehensive average method shows that Xianglin 210-t,Mei 1,Ganzhou you 7,Changlin 4 and Huaxin have excellent early growth performance in Meizhou,which are more suitable for Meizhou.
作者
丁文恩
张樱
范剑明
陈新强
范秀琼
朱昔娇
蔡梅玲
DING Wenen;ZHANG Ying;FAN Jianming;CHEN Xinqiang;FAN Xiuqiong;ZHU Xijiao;CAI Meiling(Forestry Research Institute,Meizhou Academy of Agricultu re and Forestry Sciences/Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center(Meizhou)for the Development and Use of the Forest Char acteristic Resources,Meizhou 514011,Guangdong,China;Meizhou state-owned Shuikou forest farm,Meizhou 514587,Guangdong,China)
出处
《福建林业科技》
2023年第2期100-106,111,共8页
Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology
基金
广东省林业科技创新项目(广东适生油茶品种区域化试验与评价,2018KJCX008)
2022年广东省省级涉农资金项目(油茶良种选育,梅市财农[2022]39号)
中央财政林业改革发展资金(林业科技推广示范)项目(油茶叶面肥配方及应用技术推广,(2022)GDTK-07号)。
关键词
油茶
引种试验
生长表现
梅州
Camellia oleifera
introduction experiments
growth performance
Meizhou
