摘要
为明确最佳种植密度,推动天津地区糯玉米产业的发展。以糯玉米品种‘万糯2000’为试验材料,设置了低密度(4.50万株·hm^(-2)、5.25万株·hm^(-2))、中密度(6.00万株·hm^(-2)、6.75万株·hm^(-2)、7.50万株·hm^(-2)、8.25万株·hm^(-2))、高密度(9.00万株·hm^(-2)、9.75万株·hm^(-2))3种密度梯度,分别测定各种植密度下糯玉米的叶面积指数和籽粒灌浆的动态变化。结果表明:叶面积指数和种植密度及产量之间呈极显著相关。糯玉米籽粒鲜质量呈二次曲线变化,籽粒干质量呈Logistic曲线变化,灌浆过程可分为渐增期、速增期和缓增期3个阶段,其中速增期持续时间最长。灌浆速率随种植密度增加而增大,中密度群体理论最大百粒质量、灌浆持续时间、灌浆活跃时间、灌浆速率最大时的生长量、速增期持续时间均高于其他密度。综上,采用7.50万株·hm^(-2)、8.25万株·hm^(-2)的种植密度将有利于提高‘万糯2000’的叶面积指数和灌浆性能,从而实现糯玉米的高产优质栽培。
In order to determine the optimum planting density and promote the development of waxy corn industry in Tianjin.Waxy corn variety‘Wannuo 2000'was used as the test material,three density gradients were set as follows:low density(4.5×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2),5.25×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2)),medium density(6×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2),6.75×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2),7.5×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2),8.25×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2)),high density(9×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2),9.75×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2)).The dynamic changes of waxy maize leaf area index and grain filling under different planting densities were determined.The results showed that there was a significant correlation between leaf area index and planting density and yield.The grain fresh weight of waxy corn showed a quadratic curve,and the grain dry weight showed a Logistic curve.The filling process could be divided into three stages:gradual increase period,rapid increase period and slow increase period,and the rapid increase period lasted the longest.The filling rate increased with planting density.The theoretical maximum 100 grain weight,duration of grouting,active time of grouting,growth amount at maximum grouting rate and duration of rapid expansion period of medium density population were all higher than those of other density.In conclusion,using 7.50×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2)and 8.25×10^(4)plants·hm^(-2)planting density will improve the leaf area index and grouting performance of‘Wannuo 2000',so as to achieve high yield and high quality cultivation of waxy maize.
作者
冯晓洁
康洋
陈兴喆
辛德财
FENG Xiaojie;KANG Yang;CHEN Xingzhe;XIN Decai(Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of Agronomy and Resource Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Institute of Scientific&Technical Information,Tian jin 300204,China)
出处
《天津农业科学》
CAS
2023年第7期33-39,共7页
Tianjin Agricultural Sciences
基金
天津市科技计划项目(22ZXBTSN00050)。
