摘要
新疆吐鲁番地区气候极端干旱,素有中国“干极”之称。关于该地区早期水稻栽培情况一直以来都是学术界关注的热点问题。文章首先对阿斯塔那古墓群出土的水稻遗存进行了精细的鉴定分析,发现其为粳稻类型;然后,结合传世文献、出土文书和古环境研究资料,确认这些水稻遗存应为本地生产,并进一步探讨了晋唐时期吐鲁番地区的水稻栽培情况。阿斯塔那古墓群出土的稻谷是吐鲁番地区迄今年代最早的水稻遗存,这一发现表明最晚在公元4到5世纪水稻栽培的相关技术和理念即已传入该地。然而限于吐鲁番当地水资源稀缺,水稻的种植规模并不大,在高昌先民的饮食结构中始终占据非常次要的地位。
Turpan Basin is characterized by a typical continental arid climate,which makes it one of the driest areas in China.The issue of early rice cultivation in Turpan has been a topic of extensive inquiry over recent decades.In this paper,we first identify rice remains excavated from the Astana Cemetery as belonging to Oryza sativa ssp.japonica.Moreover,combining written records and palaeo-environmental data,these rice remains were confirmed as having been produced locally and the conditions for rice cultivation in Turpan from the Jin to Tang dynasties were explored further.This,to our knowledge so far,is the earliest archaeobotanical evidence of rice in Turpan,demonstrating that the rice cultivation techniques had been introduced into this region by the 4 th to 5 th centuries CE at the latest.Nevertheless,due to the dearth of water resource,rice was never cultivated on a large scale in ancient Turpan and it always played a very minor role in the diet of the Gaochang people.
作者
陈涛
蒋洪恩
CHEN Tao;JIANG Hongen(Department of Archaeology,School of History and Culture,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Department of Archaeology and Anthropology,School of Humanities,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《自然科学史研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期34-42,共9页
Studies in The History of Natural Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金“新疆吐鲁番三至十三世纪期间的植物利用与文化交流研究”(项目编号:22BKG041)资助。
