摘要
四川泸定6.8级地震是继2013年芦山7.0级地震至今,四川境内遭受灾害面积最大、死亡人数最多的一次地震,造成了一定程度的房屋和基础设施损坏,诱发了大量的地质灾害,具有明显的区域特点.本文基于四川省抗震救灾指挥部和地震现场工作队的一手资料,从灾情获取的时间序列、震害的空间分布、生命损失、建筑物破坏、地震地质灾害的强度等方面开展了本次地震的灾害特征分析.初步得到如下认识:①黑箱期时间为1.5h,死亡人数统计比小于1%,24h获得了半数以上伤亡信息,符合中强地震灾情渐进式获取的一般规律;②本次地震影响面较广,有感面积为816194km^(2),烈度Ⅵ度区域以上面积为19089km^(2),Ⅸ度区面积为280km^(2),与一次7级地震受灾范围相当;③地震灾害重且破坏集中,截至2022年9月11日17时共造成93人死亡,25人失联,导致房屋垮塌415间,严重损坏5566间,一般损坏19890间,新增有威胁对象的地震地质灾害点565处,其中,约92%的死亡人员地点、68%的地震地质灾害点、多数的毁坏及严重破坏房屋位置,集中分布在Ⅷ度和Ⅸ度区;④滑坡、崩塌等次生地质灾害是造成本次地震人员死亡最主要的原因,占总死亡(含失联)人数的86%.
The Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquake is the one which has caused the largest disaster-stricken area and the biggest death toll in Sichuan Province since Lushan M_(S)7.0 earthquake in 2013,which also caused a certain level of damage to buildings and fundamental facilities,and triggered extensive geological hazards.Based on the first-hand data from provincial earthquake relief headquarter and disaster investigation teams,this article processes the data and conducts an analysis on the disaster characteristics of Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquake from different aspects,including time series of disaster information acquisition,spatial distribution of disaster characteristics,life loss,building damage and earthquake-induced geological hazards.Through analysis,preliminary conclusions are drawn as below:①The black box period lasts for 1.5h,the statistical ratio of mortality is less than 1%,over half the amount of information on casualties is obtained within 24h,which conforms with the status of disaster information acquisition after moderately strong earthquake strikes;②Many regions are affected by the earthquake,the total sensible area is up to 816194km^(2),the area of seismic intensityⅥand above is 19089km^(2),the area of seismic intensityⅨand above is 280km^(2),the affected area equals to that of a M_(S)7.0 earthquake;③Damages are huge and concentrated.By the time of 5PM,September 11,2022,93 people died,25 people went missing,415 buildings collapsed,5566 buildings were heavily damaged,19890s buildings were moderately damaged,565 new earthquake-induced geological hazard spots with potential to cause harm are added to the list,92%of the places where the victims were found,68%earthquake-induced geological hazard spots and most destroyed or heavily damaged buildings are distributed in the area of seismic intensityⅧand seismic intensityⅨ;④Secondary geological hazards such as landslide and mountain collapse are the major cause of death,the proportion of their victims(missing people included)is up to 86%.
作者
张翼
宴金旭
赵雪慧
周琪
吴今生
陈维锋
范开红
郑逸
刘杨
吴朋
Zhang Yi;Yan Jinxu;Zhao Xuehui;Zhou Qi;Wu Jinsheng;Chen Weifeng;Fan Kaihong;Zheng Yi;Liu Yang;Wu Peng(Sichuan Earthquake Agency,Chengdu 610041,China)
出处
《中国地震》
北大核心
2023年第1期1-20,共20页
Earthquake Research in China
基金
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1511705,2019YFC1509402,2018AAA0102205)
四川地震科技创新团队专项(201902)
四川省地震局科技专项(LY2210,LY2306)共同资助。
关键词
四川泸定6.8级地震
地震灾害
灾害特征
烈度分布
生命损失
次生灾害
The Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquake
Earthquake disaster
Disaster characteristics
Seismic intensity distribution
Life loss
Secondary hazard
