摘要
河北省是我国重要的粮食生产省份,分析该省主要粮食作物的生产成本与收益,对实现国家粮食安全战略具有重要意义。对2010-2020年小麦、玉米、大豆、花生、谷子5种作物的种植面积、产量、产值、成本与利润进行汇总与分析。结果表明:小麦种植面积持续缓慢减少,单产水平显著提高,净利润在2014年达到峰值后持续下降,2018年出现负值,严重影响了粮农种植小麦的积极性;玉米种植面积波动增长,单产水平显著提高,净利润由呈“U”型变化;大豆种植面积持续下降,单产水平不断提高,净利润呈波动下降趋势;花生种植面积有所下降,单产水平明显提高,净利润持续下降,是影响花生种植户生产积极性的主要因素;谷子种植面积持续下降,单产水平明显提高,净利润稳定。提出加大政策扶持力度、提高防灾减灾能力、提高社会化服务能力的对策建议。
Hebei Province is an important grain producing province in China.Analyzing the production costs and benefits of the main grain crops is of great significance for achieving the national food security strategy.The planting area,yield,output value,cost and profit of wheat,corn,soybean,peanut and millet from 2010 to 2020 were summarized and analyzed.The results showed that the wheat planting area continued to decreas slowly,the unit yield level significantly increased,and the net profit continued to decline after reaching its peak in 2014.In 2018,it showed a negative value,seriously affecting the enthusiasm of farmers to plant wheat.The corn planting area fluctuated and increased,with a significant increase in yield per unit area and a U-shaped change in net profit.The soybean planting area continued to decline,the yield level continued to increase,and the net profit showed a fluctuating downward trend.The planting area of peanut decreased,and the yield per unit area had significantly increased.The continuous decline in net profit was the main factor affecting the production enthusiasm of peanut growers.The planting area of millet continued to decline,the yield per unit area significantly increased,and the net profit remained stable.The countermeasures and suggestions were proposed to increase policy support,improve disaster prevention and reduction capabilities,and enhance social service capabilities.
作者
黄冀楠
HUANG Ji-nan(Institute of Grain and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050000,China)
出处
《河北农业科学》
2023年第3期100-104,共5页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
基金
河北省社会科学发展研究课题“基于生态视角的河北省小麦—玉米生产效率时空差异及提升路径研究”(20200202074)。
关键词
河北省
粮油
成本收益
对策建议
Hebei Province
Grain and oil
Cost and benefit
Countermeasures and suggestions
