摘要
导电润滑剂对减少电接触过程的摩擦磨损,提高效率,延长服役寿命,促进电力电子、航空航天、轨道交通领域的绿色化、智能化和高效化发展具有重要作用。但现阶段导电润滑剂存在耐热性、分散稳定性、抗氧化性和抗腐蚀性能不足等问题,难以满足电磁场、温度场、摩擦热应力场及多场耦合复杂工况的苛刻要求。国内外学者对各种新型导电润滑添加剂进行了研究,包括石墨烯、碳纳米管、导电聚合物以及离子液体等,发现上述材料作为油基添加剂可在电接触副界面发生摩擦物理吸附和化学反应,形成摩擦反应膜,起到减小接触电阻、提高界面载流效率、减少接触副磨损、提高表面抗腐蚀性等作用。本文通过综述金属基、碳基、离子液体基以及复合型导电润滑添加剂的摩擦学行为的研究现状,分析电接触副间接触摩擦反应膜的尺寸、形态、分布以及力学性能对配副摩擦学行为的影响,总结了添加剂尺寸、成分、浓度、分散性对导电润滑剂减摩抗磨性能的影响规律,归纳了添加剂的润滑机理,并展望了导电润滑添加剂在电接触领域的发展趋势。
Conductive lubricants play an important role in reducing friction and wear during electrical contact,improving efficiency,prolonging service life,and promoting green,intelligent and efficient development in power electronics,the aerospace industry and rail transit.However,at this stage,conductive lubricants demonstrate problems such as insufficient heat resistance,dispersion stability,oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance,and it is difficult to meet the harsh requirements of complex working conditions in electromagnetic,temperature,frictional thermal stress and multi-coupled fields.Numerous scholars have studied various new conductive lubricated additives,including graphene,carbon nanotubes,conductive polymers,and ionic liquids.It has been found that the aforementioned materials added to conductive lubricants as oil-based additives can produce frictional physical adsorption and a chemical reaction at the electrical contact sub-interface,forming a friction reaction film that plays a role in reducing contact resistance,improving interfacial current-carrying efficiency,reducing contact pair wear,and improving surface corrosion resistance.In this paper,by reviewing the research status of tribological behavior in metal-based,carbon-based,ionic-liquid-based,and composite conductive lubricant additives,the influence of size,shape,distribution and mechanical properties of lubricant film on the tribological behavior of the pair is analyzed.The influence of size,composition,concentration,and dispersity of conductive lubricant additives on the anti-friction and anti-wear performance of lubricants is summarized,as is the lubrication mechanism.Finally,we look ahead to the development trends of conductive additives in the electrical contact field.
作者
李红
陈梓嵩
栗卓新
祝静
Erika Hodúlová
LI Hong;CHEN Zisong;LI Zhuoxin;ZHU Jing;Erika Hodúlová(Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Slovak Academy of Sciences,Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics,Bratislava 84513,Slovak Republic)
出处
《材料导报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第13期139-146,共8页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金(52074017)
北京市自然科学基金(3202002)
2021年度北京工业大学国际科研合作种子基金项目(2021A14)
2021年度中国-中东欧国家高校联合教育项目(2021113)。
关键词
电接触
润滑
摩擦学
导电润滑添加剂
反应润滑膜
electrical contact
lubrication
tribology
conductive lubricated additive
reaction lubricating film
