摘要
阳光模拟测试和户外自然老化的相关性研究一直是汽车领域的研究热点,大多阳光模拟老化相关的测试标准都是基于TNR方法衍生的,其中影响阳光模拟测试和TNR结果的重要参数之一是样品表面温度。目前国内外研究中,温度均采用与样品同条件下的黑标温度,但由于不同颜色对辐照的吸收程度不同,样品表面温度与黑标温度具有较大差异。本工作开发了辐照度与汽车内外饰油漆表面温度数学计算模型,并通过阳光模拟试验验证其准确性。试验验证结果表明:黑标温度与白色饰板的实测温差甚至可达13.88℃。在70 W/m^(2)时,红色、灰色、黄色、白色实测温度与黑标温度的相对误差分别为10.07%、16.23%、18.69%和27.37%。应用开发的物体表面温度与氙灯模拟试验箱辐照强度方程得到计算温度值,其拟合值与实测值更为接近,可将原来的误差精确度提高至少10倍。在油漆饰板颜色为黑色时,用黑标温度表示的相对误差较低,在2%以内,饰板为其他颜色时,应用模型计算得到的温度值与实测值较为接近,相对误差均不超过5.00%。表面温度标准数学模型能够修正长期以黑标温度近似物体表面温度而造成的误差,更便捷、更精准地为汽车内外饰老化测试研究提供温度数据,健全自然曝晒及阳光模拟样品表面温度计算模型及试验验证方法体系,为整车及零部件老化研究提供有力的理论支撑。
The correlation between sunlight simulation test and outdoor natural aging has always been a research hotspot in the automotive field.Most of the test standards related to sunlight simulation aging are derived from the TNR method.One of the important parameters affecting the results of the sunlight simulation test and TNR is the surface temperature of the sample.The temperature is the black standard temperature under the same conditions as the sample in the current research,but due to the different absorption of radiation by different colors,the surface temperature of the sample is quite different from the black standard temperature.In this paper,a mathematical calculation model of irradiance and interior and exterior paint surface temperature of automobiles is established,and its accuracy is verified by sunlight simulation experiments.The test results showed that the measured temperature was quiet different from the black standard temperature.The temperature between the black standard temperature and the white plaque can even reach 13.88℃.At 70 W/m^(2),the relative errors of red,gray,yellow,white and black standard temperature were 10.07%,16.23%,18.69%and 27.37%,respectively.The calculated temperature value is obtained from the equation of the surface temperature of the object developed by the application and the irradiation intensity of the xenon lamp simulation test chamber,and the fitted value is closer to the measured value,which can improve the original error accuracy by at least 10 times.When the color of the painted plaque is black,the relative error expressed by the black mark temperature was low,within 2%,and when the plaque is other colors,the temperature value calculated by the model was relatively close to the measured value,and the relative error does not exceed 5.00%.The standard mathematical model of surface temperature can correct the error caused by the long-term short-sightedness of the surface temperature of the object with the black standard temperature,provide temperature data for the aging test research of automobile interior and exterior decoration more conveniently and accurately,and improve the natural exposure and sunlight simulation sample surface temperature calculation model.The test verification method system provides a strong theoretical support for the research on the aging of the vehicle and its parts.
作者
王源
金嘉欣
张志松
WANG Yuan;JIN Jiaxin;ZHANG Zhisong(Automotive Component Department,CATARC Automotive Test Center(Tianjin)Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处
《材料导报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第S01期580-584,共5页
Materials Reports
关键词
数学模型
阳光模拟
辐射
黑标温度
mathematical models
sunlight simulation
radiation
black panel temperature
