摘要
交通优势度是评价区域交通优劣的常用指标,亦是主体功能区规划的基础性单项指标之一,自提出以来便得到广泛应用,但既有文献较少探讨其内涵,并融合区域特性进行评价维度的发展。本文回归交通优势度最初强调的交通对区域发展的“支撑、引导、保障”能力,阐述其与“量、质、势”的对应关系,从承载力、可达性、连通性角度进行指标阐述与拓展,并将可靠性、公平性等概念引入保障维度,从而丰富了交通优势度3个能力维度的概念体系和分析框架。在此基础上,以西藏自治区为例,针对其区域特点引入线路连接度、雨雪季节波动性等拓展了保障能力维度指标,以及采用更精细、多模式的可达性,发展了原有的“区位优势度”,作为“引导能力”。结果表明:①西藏交通优势度的县际差异明显,总体以拉萨、林芝、日喀则等地为核心,沿河谷地带呈潜在的点—轴分布特征,各地市则形成围绕行政驻地的中心—外围结构。②改进后的交通优势度更清晰地呈现西藏交通3个维度的能力及其间关系,揭示阿里、藏东南边境等区域在保障等维度的缺陷及形成的大范围的交通劣势地区。③本文对3个能力维度的再探讨为交通优势度方法的发展提供了富有潜力的概念框架,有利于新时期交通优势度的进一步发展和应用。
The transport superiority degree is an important and widely used indicator to evaluate the superiority of regional transport infrastructure.It also serves as a primary indicator for the main functional area planning.It has been extensively utilized since its establishment.However,existing literature has rarely discussed and developed the evaluation dimension by integrating regional characteristics based on the connotation discussion.The purpose of this article is to return to the"support,guidance and guarantee"capacity of transport in regional development that is originally emphasized by the transport superiority.This article elaborates and expands the connotation of support and guidance capacity from the perspectives of bearing capacity,accessibility and connectivity.Besides,the concepts of reliability and equity are introduced into the guarantee dimension,thereby enriching the conceptual and analytical framework of transport superiority degree based on the three capacity dimensions.On this basis,this article takes Tibet as a case area and its pertinent counties as the basic evaluation units.Specifically,according to the regional and transport characteristics of Tibet,this article introduces indicators such as average connectivity of roads and seasonal fluctuation into the guarantee dimension,and employs finer and multi-modal accessibility indexes to better evaluate the guidance capacity.The obtained results reveal that:(1)There are obvious discrepancies in the transport superiority degree between counties in Tibet,with high transport superiority degree in Lhasa,Nyingchi,and Shigatse,and generally presenting the characteristics of point-axis pattern along the river valley,while all prefecture-level regions exhibit the core-periphery structure around the districts and counties of prefecture-level administrative centers.It should also be noticed that there exist a large number of districts and counties with low transport superiority degrees in Tibet.(2)Compared with the traditional form of transport superiority degree,the improved transport superiority degree evaluation can apparently show the pattern of the three capacity dimensions of Tibet's transportation condition.It can also reveal the disadvantages of transport guarantee capacity of counties in Qiangtang plateau,western Tibet,and the border of southeast Tibet,as well as the wide range of transport disadvantaged areas they formed.In the near future,the opening of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway will remarkably enhance the transport superiority of eastern counties in Tibet,but it is still difficult to restore the disadvantage of border counties in Ngari.(3)The discussion of the three capacity dimensions in the present study offers a potential conceptual framework for developing the transport superiority degree.This framework also involves some controversial cutting-edge issues.After further development,it is beneficial for more precisely assessing the advantages and disadvantages of regional transportation and carrying out transportation planning in the new era.
作者
苗毅
戴特奇
宋金平
丁田田
卢文清
MIAO Yi;DAI Teqi;SONG Jinping;DING Tiantian;LU Wenqing(College of Geography and Environment,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250300,China;Faculty of Geographical Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1515-1529,共15页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0406)。
关键词
交通优势度
支撑能力
引导能力
保障能力
概念
西藏
transport superiority degree
support capacity
guidance capacity
guarantee capacity
concept
Tibet
