摘要
黄瓜作为设施栽培的主要蔬菜品种之一,在全国各地广泛种植。近年来,内蒙古设施黄瓜种植遍及各个盟市,面积持续大幅度增加,部分地区已形成规模化的生产基地,产量高、经济效益好,黄瓜南菜北运趋势明显改变。在黄瓜的栽培生产中,育苗是最为关键的一个环节。选择适宜种植的良种,对其发芽率和发芽势进行试验,做好消毒处理,同时对育苗基质和育苗环境进行消毒处理,可有效避免或减少病虫害的发生。文中对选种、消毒、催芽等具体操作进行了介绍。连作障碍是黄瓜规模性生产面临的主要问题,嫁接育苗是克服连作障碍行之有效的方法,文中还对插接法和靠接法嫁接操作、接后管理、低温炼苗、定植方法、定植密度等也做了详细介绍。旨在培育出植株健壮、长势一致的优良苗株,对后期生长管理以及黄瓜丰产起到重要作用。
Cucumber,as one of the main vegetable varieties under facility cultivation,is widely cultivated throughout the country.In recent years,facility cucumber cultivation in Inner Mongolia has spread throughout various leagues and cities,and planting areas continue to grow significantly.Some regions have formed large-scale and stable production bases,with high yields and good economic benefits.The trend of cucumber transportation from south to north has significantly changed.In the cultivation and production of cucumbers,seedling cultivation is the most crucial step.Selecting the suitable varieties,testing the germination rate and potential,applying proper disinfection treatment,and disinfecting the seedling substrate and environment can effectively avoid or reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests.The article introduced specific processes such as seed selection,disinfection,and germination.The main obstacle faced by large-scale production of cucumbers is continuous cropping.While grafting seedling cultivation is the effective way to overcome the continuous cropping obstacle.The article provided a detailed introduction on the procedures of cut-in grafting and inarching grafting,post grafting management,as well as low-temperature seedling refining,planting methods,and planting density,aiming to cultivate superior seedlings with robust and consistent growth,to play an important role in later growth management and cucumber yield.
作者
朱春侠
薛国萍
杜金伟
白红梅
唐娟
刘文
曹鹏
姜伟
郭永平
ZHU Chunxia;XUE Guoping;DU Jinwei;BAI Hongmei;TANG Juan;LIU Wen;CAO Peng;JIANG Wei;GUO Yongping(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;Inner Mongolia Mengmiao Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hohhot 010000,China;Urad Middle Banner Bureau of Forestry and Grassland,Bayannur 015300,China)
出处
《现代农业》
2023年第3期96-99,106,共5页
Modern Agriculture
基金
内蒙古呼和浩特市科技计划项目(2021-农-重-7)
内蒙古农牧业科学院青年创新基金项目(2015QNJJN05)。
关键词
黄瓜
育苗
管理
cucumber
seedling cultivation
management technique
