摘要
高炉炉缸炉底耐材侵蚀制约着炉缸长寿,通常认为炉缸炉底耐材侵蚀的主要原因有铁水环流、热应力、死料柱铁水渗透和碱金属富集。为了研究炉缸耐材侵蚀特征,基于本钢炼铁厂5号高炉炉缸实际砌筑结构建立1∶1三维物理模型,借助ANSYS-Fluent软件对炉缸设计炉型进行数值模拟研究,结合破损调查结果分析了炉缸侵蚀特征的形成原因,并计算了炉缸死料柱空隙度、高炉产量对炉缸流场和温度场的影响。炉缸流场和温度场分布特征表明,铁口区域喇叭状异常侵蚀是铁口区域铁水汇流高速流动和铁水高温直接接触双重作用的结果,铁口下方象脚侵蚀是由于无焦区沿炉缸侧壁铁水环流与涡流的剧烈冲刷。死料柱空隙度通过影响死料柱内部铁水流动行为影响了无焦区铁水环流速度,足够的空隙度往往会减轻炉缸侧壁炭砖的侵蚀;高炉高产时,铁水流速增加,炉缸侧壁温度升高,炭砖侵蚀加剧,因此高产量须配合足够的死料柱空隙度、炉缸活性以及冷却性能。
The corrosion of refractory materials in blast furnace hearth restricts the longevity of furnace hearth.It is generally believed that the main reasons for the erosion of refractory materials in blast furnace hearth are hot metal circulation,thermal stress,hot metal penetration in deadman and alkali metal enrichment.In order to study the erosion characteristics of blast furnace hearth,a 1:1 three-dimensional physical model was established based on the actual masonry structure of Bengang's No.5 blast furnace.The numerical simulation of designed furnace shape of Bengang's No.5 blast furnace hearth was carried out by ANSYS-Fluent software.Combined with the results of damage investigation,the causes of hearth erosion characteristics were analyzed,and the effects of deadman voidage and blast furnace hot metal yield on hearth flow field and temperature field were calculated.The results for distribution characteristics of hearth flow field and temperature field show that the trumpet-shaped abnormal erosion in the tap holes area is the dual effect of high-speed flow of hot metal confluence in the tap holes area and the direct contact of hot metal at high temperature.The elephant foot-like erosion under the tap hole is due to the intense scouring of hot metal circulation and eddy current in coke free zone along the side wall of blast furnace hearth.The voidage of deadman affects the circulation velocity of hot metal in"coke free zone"by influencing the flow behavior of hot metal inside the deadman.Sufficient voidage can reduce the erosion of carbon brick on the side wall of blast furnace hearth.When the blast furnace is in high yield,the increase of hot metal flow rate and the increase of hearth side wall temperature will aggravate the corrosion of carbon bricks.Therefore,high production rate must be matched with sufficient deadman voidage,improved activity of blast furnace hearth and advanced cooling performance.
作者
赵鸿波
王凤民
张福
迟臣焕
周振兴
张建良
ZHAO Hongbo;WANG Fengmin;ZHANG Fu;CHI Chenhuan;ZHOU Zhenxing;ZHANG Jianliang(Technical Center,Bengang Group Corporation,Benxi 1170oo,Liaoning,China;School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《中国冶金》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期87-94,共8页
China Metallurgy
关键词
炉缸长寿
炭砖
侵蚀特征
数值模拟
流场
温度场
longevity of hearth
carbon brick
erosion characteristics
numerical simulation
flow field
temperature field