摘要
背景:人们对正畸治疗的需求日益增加,牙周辅助加速成骨正畸技术可以使以往受限于菲薄牙槽骨三维形态的正畸牙移动有了更多的可能。目的:利用三维有限元分析法对牙周辅助加速成骨正畸手术增加牙槽骨量前、后正畸牙移动的生物力学进行探究。方法:选择1例需正畸前进行牙周辅助加速成骨正畸手术以增加下颌前牙区唇侧骨量的患者,根据其术前及术后6个月的锥形束CT数据构建术前及术后三维有限元分析模型,结合患者临床隐形矫治中正畸牙的移动过程,2个模型均分别模拟33牙远中移动0.25 mm、舌向移动0.25 mm、压低移动0.10 mm,利用ANSYS workbench 2020软件分析在无托槽隐形矫治器的作用下33牙牙体、牙周膜、周围牙槽骨的应力分布及初始位移趋势。结果与结论:①牙体应力:在相同的正畸牙移动方式下,术前33牙牙体的最大Von-Mises应力与整体应力均大于术后,手术前后的最大等效应力分布区域相近、Von-Mises应力整体分布趋势接近;②牙周膜应力:在相同的正畸牙移动方式下,术前33牙牙周膜的最大Von-Mises应力与整体应力均大于术后,手术前后的最大等效应力分布区域相近、Von-Mises应力整体分布趋势接近;③牙槽骨应力:在相同的正畸牙移动方式下,术前33牙周围牙槽骨的最大Von-Mises应力值大于术后,手术前后的等效应力分布表现为由牙槽嵴顶处向根方逐步减小;④初始位移:在相同的正畸牙移动方式下,术前33牙6个观测点在主要位移方向上的初始位移量均小于术后,并且呈现出位移量由牙尖向根尖点逐步减小的趋势;⑤结果显示:牙周辅助加速成骨正畸手术增加牙槽骨量前后,正畸牙移动的生物力学特征存在差异,在隐形矫治器的作用下,术后牙体、牙周膜、周围牙槽骨的等效应力较术前小,术后正畸牙的初始位移较术前大,这提示牙周辅助加速成骨正畸手术可以通过增加牙槽骨厚度解除菲薄牙槽骨对正畸牙移动的限制,有效改善牙根、牙周膜、牙槽骨的受力,避免了菲薄牙槽骨区正畸牙受力移动时产生应力集中从而引起并发症的状况,同时提高了牙齿的移动效率。
BACKGROUND:There is an increasing demand for orthodontic treatment,and periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)technique can make it possible to move orthodontic teeth that are limited by thin alveolar bone.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biomechanics of orthodontic tooth movement before and after periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)surgery to increase alveolar bone volume using the three-dimensional finite element method.METHODS:A patient undergoing PAOO surgery before orthodontic treatment to increase bone volume on the labial side of the mandibular anterior region was selected.The patient was under invisible orthodontics.Two three-dimensional finite element models were constructed based on the patient’s preoperative and 6-month postoperative cone beam CT data.Both models simulated the movement of tooth 33:experiment I:distal-central movement of 0.25 mm;experiment II:lingual movement of 0.25 mm;and experiment III:intrusion movement of 0.10 mm.The stress distribution and initial displacement trend of tooth 33,periodontal ligament and surrounding alveolar bone under the action of the invisible aligner were analyzed before and after the PAOO procedure.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Dental stress analysis:In the same orthodontic tooth movement,the maximum Von-Mises stress and overall stress values of tooth 33 were all higher before surgery than after surgery;there were similar distribution areas of maximum equivalent stress and overall distribution trends of Von-Mises stress before and after surgery.Periodontal ligament stress analysis:In the same orthodontic tooth movement,the maximum Von-Mises stress and overall stress values of the periodontal ligament were higher before surgery than after surgery,and there were similar distribution areas of the maximum equivalent stress and overall distribution trends of Von-Mises stress before and after surgery.Alveolar bone stress analysis:In the same orthodontic tooth movement,the maximum Von-Mises stress values of the alveolar bone around tooth 33 were higher before surgery than after surgery,while the equivalent stress distribution showed a gradual decrease from the top of the alveolar ridge to the root.Initial displacement analysis:In the same orthodontic tooth movement,the initial displacements in the main displacement direction for all six observation points of tooth 33 were smaller before surgery than after surgery,and showed a tendency to gradually decrease from the tooth tip to the apex.Therefore,there were differences in the biomechanical characteristics of orthodontic tooth movement before and after the PAOO surgery.With the clear aligner,the postoperative equivalent stress values on the dentition,periodontal ligament,and surrounding alveolar bone were lower than before the surgery,and the initial displacements of the orthodontic teeth after the surgery are larger than before.These findings suggest that PAOO can release the restriction of thin alveolar bone on the movement of orthodontic tooth by increasing alveolar bone thickness,effectively improving the force on the roots,periodontal ligament,and alveolar bone,avoiding the stress concentration on orthodontic tooth in the thin alveolar bone area that can cause complications when moving,and improving the efficiency of tooth movement.
作者
赵鹤翔
陈子嫣
王婧
葛振林
Zhao Hexiang;Chen Ziyan;Wang Jing;Ge Zhenlin(Department of Orthodontics,School of Stomatology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Guansu Province,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第14期2133-2139,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
关键词
正畸治疗
牙周辅助加速成骨正畸
无托槽隐形矫治器
三维有限元法
生物力学
orthodontic treatment
periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics
clear aligner
three-dimensional finite element method
biomechanics
