摘要
为加强河北昌黎县近海水体环境保护和管理,在其境内主要入海口分别采集水样及表层沉积物,分析Cd、Pb、Cu等8种重金属含量,并采用单因子指数法、地积累指数法和潜在生态污染指数法对其重金属污染状况和风险进行评价。结果表明:8种重金属在3个入海口水体中的浓度大小顺序不尽相同,新开口重金属含量顺序为Ni>Cr>As>Pb>Zn>Cu>Hg>Cd,大蒲河口为Ni>As>Cr>Pb>Zn>Cu>Hg>Cd,东沙河口为Ni>Cr>As>Zn>Pb>Cd>Hg>Cu。8种重金属在各入海口含量差异较大,Ni含量最高,与《海水水质标准》(GB 3097—1997)中第二类水质标准限值作对比,3个入海口Ni含量均达到重度污染。Pb在新开口达到重度污染,在大蒲河口为轻度污染,东沙河口未超标。Cr在新开口为轻度污染。Cd、Hg、Cu、Zn、As均未出现污染。在沉积物中检出的重金属中Cd在3个入海口均处于偏中度污染水平,潜在生态风险系数新开口、大蒲河口和东沙河口分别为160.71、171.43、150.00,分别达到高度风险、高度风险和偏高度风险。重金属Cu和Ni在大蒲河口和东沙河口、Pb在新开口均出现轻度污染。潜在生态风险综合指数显示,新开口、大蒲河口和东沙河口均属于中度风险。从重金属贡献率来看,以Cd的贡献率为最大,需引起足够的重视。
Heavy metals have been included as conventional indicators in various water quality tests and evaluations.In recent years,the coastal water quality in Changli County of Hebei Province has gradually deteriorated,increasing the risk of heavy metal pollution.The investigation on heavy metal pollution is of great significance for strengthening the environmental protection and management of the coastal water body in this region.In this study,the main estuaries in Changli County(Xinkai,Dapuhe,and Dongshahe estuaries)were considered as research objects.Water and surface sediment samples were collected in October 2019 during the normal water period,and the contents of eight heavy metals(Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn,As,Pb,Cr,and Ni)in the water and surface sediment samples were analyzed.The single-factor index method was used to evaluate the pollution status of heavy metals in water bodies.Geoaccumulation index and potential ecological pollution index methods were used to evaluate the status and risk of heavy metal pollution in surface sediments.The results show that the concentrations of the eight heavy metals in the water bodies of each estuary were different.The orders of heavy metal concentration was Ni>Cr>As>Pb>Zn>Cu>Hg>Cd in the Xinkai estuary,Ni>As>Cr>Pb>Zn>Cu>Hg>Cd in the Dapuhe estuary and Ni>Cr>As>Zn>Pb>Cd>Hg>Cu in the Dongshahe estuary.The concentrations of the eight heavy metals in the estuaries differed greatly,where Ni concentration was the highest.Compared with the limit of the second type of water quality standard in the Sea Water Quality Standard(GB 3097—1997),the Ni content in the three estuaries reached heavy pollution.Pb pollution in the Xinkai and Dapuhe estuaries was heavy and light,respectively,and Pb in the Dongshahe estuary did not exceed the standard.Cr pollution in the Xinkai estuary was mild,and no pollution was found for Cd,Hg,Cu,Zn,and As.Among the heavy metals detected in the sediments,Cd was at a moderate pollution level in the three estuaries with the highest potential ecological risk coefficients of 160.71,171.43,and 150.00 for the Xinkai,Dapuhe,and Dongshahe estuaries,respectively,indicating a high risk.Cu and Ni pollution in the sediments of the Dapuhe estuary and Dongshahe estuary were low,and Pb pollution in the sediments of the Xinkai estuary was also low.The comprehensive index of potential ecological risk showed that the Xinkai,Dapuhe,and Dongshahe estuaries were at moderate risk.From the perspective of the contribution rate of heavy metals,the contribution rate of Cd was the highest and should be given sufficient attention.A comprehensive study showed that heavy metal pollution exists in the main estuary of Changli County,which is at a level of moderate potential ecological risk.In response to the heavy metal pollution situation at the main sea inlets of Changli County,we call on the local government to take multiple measures,combine prevention and control,protect the marine environment in the region,and achieve sustainable development of marine resources in the region.
作者
吴素霞
谢新宇
范海荣
陈丽娜
靳常敏
崔悦
宋士涛
WU Suxia;XIE Xinyu;FAN Hairong;CHEN Lina;JIN Changmin;CUI Yue;SONG Shitao(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology/Engineering Technology Research Center for Coastal Wetland Environmental Restoration and Resources Development and Utilization of Qinhuangdao,Qinhuangdao 066000,China;College of Chemical Engineering,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066000,China)
出处
《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期1145-1154,共10页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
河北省重点研发计划项目(22374202D,22327302D)资助。
关键词
昌黎县
入海口
沉积物
重金属
Changli County
Estuaries
Sediment
Heavy metal
