摘要
授权改革试点的合宪性由法律保留、授权明确性和比例原则等多项原则共同支撑。其中,法律保留原则是前提和基础,授权明确性原则和比例原则应置于法律保留原则的支配之下。只有先根据法律保留原则来确定能否授权,才有下一步运用明确性原则或比例原则来调和授权给法制统一带来不利影响的空间。越过法律保留原则作出授权决定,势必因越权处置法律保留事项而产生合宪性问题,不仅有碍于法制统一,还损害民主正当价值。当前存在授权改革试点事项不受限制或简单照搬《立法法》第12条来确定禁止授权事项等认识误区,应从宪法保留、全国人大与全国人大常委会权限关系、绝对保留和相对保留三个递进层次,提炼授权改革试点受法律保留约束的三个规范要求。
The constitutionality of the authorizaed pilot reform is jointly supported by multiple principles composed of legal reservation,clarity of authorization and the principle of proportionality.Among them,the principle of legal reservation is the premise and foundation,the principle of clarity of authorization and the principle of proportionality should be under the principle of legal reservation.The principle of reservation is used to determine whether authorization can be granted,and the next step is to use the principle of clarity or the principle of proportionality to reconcile the space for the negative impact of authorization on the unification of the legal system.Decisions to authorize over will inevitably lead to constitutional issues due to the ultra vires handling of legal reservations above the principle of legal reservation.It not only damages the unity of the legal system,but also damages the legitimate value of democracy.At present,there are misunderstandings such as unrestricted authorization reform pilot items or simply copying Article 12 of the“Legislative Law”to determine prohibited authorization items.Three norms authorizing the reform pilot to be bound by legal reservation should be refined from three progressive levels:constitutional reservation,the relationship between the NPC and the NPC Standing Committee's authority,absolute reservation and relative reservation requirements.
出处
《法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第7期45-58,共14页
Law Science
基金
2022年度国家社科基金一般项目“全国人大常委会授权的宪法定位及规范化实施研究”(项目批准号:22BFX023)的阶段性成果。
关键词
授权改革试点
法律保留
法制统一
立法法
authorized pilot reform
legal reservation
unity of the legal system
legislation law
