摘要
目的优化桔梗叶醇提工艺并研究其醇提物不同萃取部位的镇咳祛痰活性。方法在单因素试验基础上,以乙醇体积分数、液料比、提取时间、提取温度为考察因素,综合评分(浸膏得率、总黄酮提取量、总皂苷提取量得分)为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken响应面法优化桔梗叶醇提工艺,并验证。实验设空白组[A组,等体积0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na),模型组(B组,等体积0.5%CMC-Na),强力枇杷露组(C组,5.65 mL/kg),石油醚萃取部位组(D组,360 mg/kg),二氯甲烷萃取部位组(E组,6.67 mg/kg),乙酸乙酯萃取部位组(F组,228 mg/kg),正丁醇萃取部位组(G组,106 mg/kg),水萃取部位组(H组,449.54 mg/kg)。各组小鼠予相应药物或0.5%CMC-Na灌胃,每天1次,连续7 d。以氨水引咳法复制咳嗽小鼠模型,记录小鼠引咳后3 min内的咳嗽次数和咳嗽潜伏期;采用酚红法测定酚红排泌量;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色,观察小鼠肺组织病理形态。结果桔梗叶最佳醇提工艺为,乙醇体积分数44%,液料比23∶1(mL/g),56℃提取2次,每次43 min;此条件下其浸膏得率为(29.84±0.93)%,总黄酮提取量为(65.3±1.93)mg/g,总皂苷提取量为(122.9±4.51)mg/g,综合评分平均值为108.68分,与预测值接近。与B组比较,C-H组小鼠的3 min内咳嗽次数均显著减少,咳嗽潜伏期均显著延长(P<0.05);C组和F组小鼠的酚红排泌量均显著增大(P<0.05),D-H组小鼠肺泡融合和炎性细胞浸润程度减轻,其中F组减轻更明显。结论优选的工艺简便可行,桔梗叶醇提物乙酸乙酯萃取部位较其他部位镇咳祛痰的功效更佳。
Objective To optimize the ethanol extraction process of Platycodonis Radix leaves,and to study the antitussive and expectorant activities of different extraction parts of the ethanol extract.Methods Based on the single factor test,the ethanol extraction process of Platycodonis Radix leaves was optimized by the Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology,with the ethanol volume fraction,liquid-solid ratio,extraction time and extraction temperature as the investigation factors,and with the comprehensive score of yield of extract,extraction amount of total flavonoid and extraction amount of total saponin scores as the evaluation indicator.Then,the verification test was carried out.The mice were divided into the blank group[group A,equal volume of 0.5%carboxymethyl cellulose sodium(CMC-Na)],the model group(group B,equal volume of 0.5%CMC-Na),the Qiangli Pipa Syrup group(group C,5.65 mL/kg),the petroleum-ether extraction part group(group D,360 mg/kg),the dichloromethane extraction part group(group E,6.67 mg/kg),the ethyl-acetate extraction part group(group F,228 mg/kg),the n-butanol extraction part group(group G,106 mg/kg)and the water extraction part group(group H,449.54 mg/kg).The mice in each group were given the corresponding drugs or 0.5%CMC-Na by gavage once a day for continuous 7 d.The cough mouse models were replicated by the ammonia-induced cough method,the cough frequency and cough latency within 3 min after inducing cough were recorded.The excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein(PSP)was determined by the PSP excretion test.The pathological morphology of lung tissue in mice was observed by the hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.Results The optimal ethanol extraction process of Platycodonis Radix leaves was as follows:the ethanol volume fraction was 44%,the liquid-solid ratio was 23∶1(mL/g),extracting twice at 56℃,each time for 43 min.Under these conditions,the yield of extract was(29.84±0.93)%,the extraction amount of total flavonoids was(65.3±1.93)mg/g,the extraction amount of total saponins was(122.9±4.51)mg/g,the average comprehensive score was 108.68 points,which was similar to the predicted value.Compared with those in the group B,the cough frequency within 3 min in the groups C-H significantly reduced,and the cough latency significantly prolonged(P<0.05).Compared with those in the group B,the excretion of PSP in the groups C and F significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with those in the group B,the degree of alveolus fusion and inflammatory cell infiltration in the groups D-H alleviated,and those in the group F changed more significantly.Conclusion The optimal process is simple and feasible,and the ethyl-acetate extraction part of the ethanol extract of Platycodonis Radix leaves has more obvious antitussive and expectorant effects compared with other parts.
作者
孙杰
赵泓瑜
李小兰
杨金梅
王辉敏
郭丽丽
张朔生
SUN Jie;ZHAO Hongyu;LI Xiaolan;YANG Jinmei;WANG Huimin;GUO Lili;ZHANG Shuosheng(College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering,Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Jinzhong,Shanxi,China 030619;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing,Jinzhong,Shanxi,China 030619)
出处
《中国药业》
CAS
2023年第14期52-58,共7页
China Pharmaceuticals
基金
山西省中医药管理局科研课题[2020ZYYC004]
山西中医药大学科技创新能力培育计划项目[2021PY-ZD-02]。
关键词
桔梗叶
响应面法
醇提
工艺优化
镇咳祛痰
活性
Platycodonis Radix leaves
response surface methodology
ethanol extraction
process optimization
antitussive and expectorant
activity
