摘要
【目的】研究兰州市主城区PM_(2.5)中痕量金属污染特征、组成状况、生态及健康风险.【方法】2020年春、夏、秋、冬四季在生物制品研究所、兰炼宾馆、职工医院、铁路设计院进行采样,利用ICP-MS测定V、Mn、Co、Cu、Sb、Fe、Cd、Pb 8种代表痕量金属元素。【结果】兰州主城区PM_(2.5)浓度分布不均,呈现“片状”及“岛状”分布,被测痕量金属元素Pb、Cu、V浓度值高于其他元素,Pb元素最高浓度值达到0.3178μg/m^(3)。各采样点间的分歧系数(CD)值春季均在0.35以下,PM_(2.5)中痕量金属元素组分可能相似。所有采样点间冬季CD值均高于0.35,各采样点间PM_(2.5)中痕量金属元素组分可能存在差别。痕量金属元素的富集状况随季节变化而变化,富集因子整体上冬春高、夏秋低,Pb、Cd的富集状况最为明显。Mn、Fe、V、Co、Cu、Sb的生态风险为低度,生态风险指数维持在0.006~18.223之间。生态风险影响最大的痕量金属元素主要为Pb和Cd,其中,Cd的生态风险程度为较重(97.423)~严重(428.66)。【结论】PM_(2.5)中潜在的非致癌风险在各个季节均可能存在,儿童的Hq值均高于成年男性和成年女性。致癌风险因子Cd、Co的ILC值均在健康范围之内,儿童的ILC值整体高于成年男性和成年女性,其健康风险状况应更加得到关注。
【Objective】To study the pollutant properties,composition,ecological and health risks of trace metals in PM_(2.5).【Method】In the main urban area of Lanzhou City,samples were collected from the Institute of Biological Products,Lanlian Hotel,Staff Hospital and Railway Design Institute in the spring,summer,autumn and winter of 2020.Eight representative trace elements(V,Mn,Co,Cu,Sb,Fe,Cd and Pb)were determined by ICP-MS.【Result】The concentration distribution of PM_(2.5)in the main urban area of Lanzhou is uneven,showing"flake"and"island"distributions.The concentrations of Pb,Cu and V are higher than other elements,and the highest concentration of Pb is 0.3178μg/m^(3).The divergence coefficient(CD)values of all sampling sites are below 0.35 in spring,and the trace elements in PM_(2.5)may be similar.In winter the CD values of all sampling siets were higher than 0.35,and the trace elements in PM_(2.5)may differ between sampling sites.The enrichment of trace elements varies with the seasons.The enrichment factors are higher in winter and spring,lower in summer and autumn,and the enrichment of Pb and CD is the most obvious.The ecological risk of Mn,Fe,V,Co,Cu and Sb was low,and the ecological risk index ranged from 0.006 to 18.223.Pb and Cd were the main trace elements with the greatest impact on ecological risk,and the ecological risk of CD ranged from high(97.423)to severe(428.66).【Conclusion】The potential non-cancer risk may be present in PM_(2.5)in all seasons.The Hq value of children is higher than that of adult males and females.The ILC values of CD and Co are in the healthy range.The ILC values of children are higher than those of men and women and their health risk status should be given more attention.
作者
杨帆
程慧波
王夏
王振
YANG Fan;CHENG Huibo;WANG Xia;WANG Zhen(Gansu Province Environmental Monitoring Center,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Earth and Environmen‐tal Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2023年第3期169-179,共11页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
甘肃省青年科技基金项目(18JR3RA022)
甘肃省自然科学基金项目(21JR7RA690)。
