摘要
以15份不同品种玉米为实验材料,设重度盐碱地(盐的质量含量为5.458 g/kg,pH=9.24)和轻度盐碱地(盐的质量含量为0.579 g/kg,pH=8.43)2个处理,对玉米成熟期的农艺性状及产量等指标进行测定,并通过相关性、主成分、隶属函数和聚类分析等方法,对实验材料的耐盐碱能力进行综合评价,划分耐盐碱性的等级.结果表明,随着盐碱胁迫浓度的增加,玉米各指标的平均值降低,其中,穗质量、籽粒产量和生物产量在重度盐碱胁迫下的变异系数明显高于轻度盐胁迫下的;株高和穗质量与生物产量呈极显著正相关关系,茎粗和穗长与生物量呈显著正相关关系,行粒数与籽粒产量呈极显著正相关关系,穗质量、百粒质量和生物量与籽粒产量呈显著正相关关系.不同品种玉米成熟期的各项指标对盐碱胁迫的耐受性不同,综合评价值(D)和聚类分析显示,15个品种玉米的耐盐碱能力由强到弱依次为J152/1506,5178/1519,J237/1506,A3/A28,H14/299-2,佰清161,中原单32,佰清131,J112/1528,桂青贮1号,佰清178,6522/1522,A18/H237,C5/A18,北16/5996.筛选出2个高度盐碱敏感品种(C5/A18,北16/5996);5个强耐盐碱品种(J152/1506,5178/1519,J237/1506,A3/A28,H14/299-2).
To find out the evaluation indexes of salinity tolerance at maturity and to screen the germplasm resources with high salinity tolerance,15 maize varieties were planted in severe saline-alkali land(soil full salt content 5.448 g/kg,pH=9.23)and mild saline-alkali land(soil full salt content 0.589 g/kg,pH=8.42),and the agronomic characters and yield index at maturity were measured.The material maize varieties were comprehensively evaluated for salinity tolerance and classified into different grades by correlation analysis,principal component analysis,subordinate function and cluster analysis method.The results show that the mean values of each index decreased with increasing salinity stress,among which,the coefficients of variation of spike quality,seed yield and biomass were significantly higher under heavy salinity stress than those under light stress;plant height and spike quality were extremely significantly positively correlated with biomass;stem thickness and spike length were significantly positively correlated with biomass;row grain number was extremely significantly positively correlated with seed yield;and spike quality,100 grain quality and biomass were significantly positively correlated with seed yield.The indexes of different maize varieties at maturity had different tolerance to saline-alkali stress.The synthetic evaluation value(D)and cluster analysis showed that the saline-alkali tolerance of 15 maize varieties in descending order were J152/1506,5178/1519,J237/1506,A3/A28,H14/299-2,Baiqing 161,Zhongyuandan 32,Baiqing 131,J112/1528,Guiqingzhu1,Baiqing178,6522/1522,A18/H237,C5/A18 and Bei 16/5996.The study selected two highly salinity-sensitive varieties including C5/A18 and Bei 16/5996,and five strong salt-alkali tolerant varieties including J152/1506,5178/1519,J237/1506,A3/A28 and H14/299-2.
作者
史镜昭
谢小伟
唐瑀璠
张恩
马东海
王彬
Shi Jingzhao;Xie Xiaowei;Tang Yufan;Zhang En;Ma Donghai;Wang Bin(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest,Ministry of Education China of Ministry of Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)
出处
《宁夏大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2023年第2期163-169,共7页
Journal of Ningxia University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
土默特右旗盐碱地改良示范区科技项目。
关键词
玉米
成熟期
耐盐碱性
综合评价
maize
mature period
saline-alkali tolerance
comprehensive evaluation
