摘要
采用解剖学、光学显微观察法及组织切片学方法,对2020年4月—2021年5月在叶尔羌河采集的体长范围为6~14 mm、体重范围为2.0~13.4 g的153尾(其中用于食性分析的为144尾,消化腺组织观察的为9尾)叶尔羌高原鳅(Triplophysa yarkandensis)进行了食性研究。结果表明叶尔羌河叶尔羌高原鳅为杂食性偏肉型鱼类;解剖发现叶尔羌河叶尔羌高原鳅空肠率月变化最高值出现在9月(90.00%),最低值出现在2月和3月(0.00%);镜检食物团发现鱼类是其主要饵料,其次是水生昆虫和虾等,水生植物类极少;组织形态学研究发现,其消化道是由口咽腔、食道、胃和肠(前肠、中肠、后肠)4部分组成;消化腺为肝胰脏,胰腺弥散分布在肝脏中;肠短,肠长与体长比值约为1,综上所述,其组织形态学特征与杂食性偏肉型鱼类相似。此研究为叶尔羌河叶尔羌高原鳅与生境协同进化机制的研究和种质资源养护提供生物学依据。
The methods of anatomy,optical microscopy,and tissue sectioning were used to investigate the food habits of 153 individuals Triplophysa yarkandensis,which were catched from the Yarkant River in April 2020 to May 2021.The samples body length range from 65 to 105 mm and body weight range from 2.0 to 13.4 g.Among them,144 individuals were used for dietary analysis and 9 samples for histological digestive system research.The results showed that the Triplophysa yarkandensis in the Yarkant River is omnivorous and carnivorous fish.Dissection revealed monthly variation in the jejunum rate of the Triplophysa yarkandensis indicating that the highest values occurred in September(90.00%),while the lowest values occurred in February and March(0.00%).Microscopic examination of the food mass revealed that fish were the main bait,followed by aquatic insects and shrimps,and basically no aquatic plants were found.Histomorphological studies revealed that the digestive tract was composed of four parts:the oropharyngeal cavity,the oesophagus,the stomach and the intestine(foregut,midgut and hindgut).The digestive glands are hepatopancreas and the pancreas is diffusely distributed in the liver;the intestine is short and the ratio of intestine length to body length is approxi-mately equal to 1.In summary,the Triplophysa yarkandensis is omnivorous partial carnivorous fish and its morphological characteristics,the organisation of its digestive and absorption system are compatible with its food habits.This study provides a basis for the ecological study and resource conservation of the the Triplophysa yarkandensis in the Yarkant River.
作者
罗丽君
成龙
刘鏊
陈生熬
刘洁雅
LUO Lijun;CHENG Long;LIU Ao;CHEN Shengao;LIU Jieya(College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Xinjiang Xinhua Yarkant River Basin Water Conservancy and Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd,Kashgar,Xinjiang 844700)
出处
《塔里木大学学报》
2023年第2期81-88,共8页
Journal of Tarim University
基金
塔里木大学校长基金一般项目“叶尔羌高原鳅摄食生态策略研究”(TDZKSS202016)。
关键词
叶尔羌高原鳅
叶尔羌河
食性
组织学
消化系统
Triplophysayarkandensis
Yarkant River
food habits
histology
digestive system
