摘要
传统村落是中国优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,具有历史文化、民俗风情和建筑艺术等重要价值。文章以福建省的494个国家级传统村落为研究对象,采用ArcGIS空间分析、地理统计分析和历史文献梳理等方法,研究其时空分布特征及影响因素。研究表明:(1)福建省传统村落呈显著的集聚模式,空间分布极不均衡,表现为“多中心集聚”分布格局,北部密集、南部稀疏,并以福建省中部为中心向两端逐渐减少,同时沿着古驿道和流域呈多带状分布。(2)福建省传统村落主要形成于元代以前,空间分布方向呈“西南—东北”走向。随着朝代更替,分布重心逐渐向东、南方向偏移,分布范围扩增且方向性明显增强。(3)传统村落的形成和演化受到自然因素、社会经济因素、和历史文化因素的共同作用。自然因素和文化因素影响传统村落建村的选址和布局,而社会经济和历史文化因素则影响其发展和演化。
Traditional villages are an important part of China's excellent traditional culture,with important values of history,culture,folk customs and architectural art.This study takes 494 national traditional villages in Fujian Province as the research object,and uses ArcGIS spatial analysis,geostatistical analysis and historical literature combing to study their spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors.The study shows that:1)Traditional villages in Fujian Province show a significant clustering pattern,and their spatial distribution is extremely uneven,showing a"multicentered clustering"distribution pattern,with the northern part being dense and the southern part being sparse,and the central part of the province being the center and gradually sparse towards the two ends,while it shows the multi-belt distribution along ancient post roads and watersheds.2)Traditional villages in Fujian Province were mainly formed before Yuan Dynasty,and the spatial distribution direction is"southwest-northeast".With the change of dynasties,the gravity center of distribution gradually shifted to the east and south,and the distribution scope expanded and directionality increased significantly.3)The formation and evolution of traditional villages are influenced by natural,socio-economic,transportation and historical and cultural factors.Natural and cultural factors influence the location and layout of traditional villages,while socio-economic and historical and cultural factors influence their development and evolution.
作者
邱族周
胡希军
钱惠
廖坤富
黄小兵
刘云
韦宝婧
QIU Zuzhou;HU Xijun;QIAN Hui;LIAO Kunfu;HUANG Xiaobing;LIU Yun;WEI Baojing(College of Landscape Architecture,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Big Data for Landscape Resources in Natural Protected Areas of Hunan Province,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;School of Furniture and Art Design,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Institute of Traditional Villages,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Institute of Urban and Rural Landscape Ecology,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Xiamen Academy of Arts and Design,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,Fujian,China)
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期211-219,共9页
Economic Geography
基金
湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目(20YBA259)
国家林业局重点学科(林人发[2016]21号)
湖南省“双一流”培育学科(湘教通[2018]469号)。
关键词
传统村落
历史文化遗产
选址和布局
古驿道
海洋经济
海禁与迁界
乡村振兴
traditional villages
historical and cultural heritage
site selection and layout
ancient post road
marine economy
maritime prohibition and transboundary
rural revitalization
