摘要
Massive actions have been and are being taken into protecting the world’s primates from extinction,while the study of the properties of genetic diversity,demographic history,and ecological relationships will benefit the understand-ing of the long-term survival of a species.The Taihangshan macaque(Macaca mulatta tcheliensis),a subspecies of rhesus macaque(Macaca mulatta),is endemic to China and currently restricted to southern Mt.Taihangshan area.Herein,we evaluated the genetic diversity,population structure,and demographic history of this subspecies using mitochondrial(Cytb and high variable region I:HVR I)and nuclear markers(microsatellite loci)of 131 in-dividuals collected from 9 localities covering the distribution range of this subspecies.Both phylogenetic analyses and genetic assignment revealed that the wild populations of Taihangshan macaques could be divided into 2 major highly divergent clades,THS-east and THS-west.Low genetic diversity(π:0.00266±0.00016)but high haplotype diversity(Hd:0.80352±0.015)were detected in the Taihangshan macaques,particularly in THS-east.Analyses of demographic history suggested that the Taihangshan macaques experiencedfirst a stable historical population size from Holocene to early 19th century but a subtle decline and then slight growth in the recent 200 years.We suggest that bridging the neighbor populations(i.e.setting corridors)would facilitate the male-mediated geneflow and subsequently increase the genetic diversity of the Taihangshan macaque populations.
基金
financially supported by the Cultivation Fund for Young Teachers in Natural Science Basic Research of Zhengzhou University(JC2020043029)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31672302 and 32070446).
