摘要
作为一类新兴污染物,有机磷酸酯(OPEs)的环境污染状况及其潜在的健康风险受到国内外的广泛关注.本研究以室内灰尘作为研究对象,在上海市高校(教室、研究生办公室和宿舍)、办公楼、公共场所(商场、街边商铺和地铁站)和家庭等8种不同微环境采集样品,利用气质联用仪(GCMS)测定灰尘中10种OPEs(TMPP、EHDPP、TPHP、TPPO、TBOEP、TNBP、TEHP、TCIPP、TDCIPP和TCEP)的含量,并采用US EPA推荐的健康风险评模型,结合中国人群的暴露参数,整合生活和工作/学习两类暴露场景,综合评价室内灰尘中OPEs对不同职业人群的健康风险.研究表明,上海市室内灰尘中OPEs的总含量范围为127—16828 ng·g^(−1),其中研究生办公室和办公楼灰尘中OPEs的总含量比其他微环境高1—2个数量级.绝大多数微环境包括地铁站、商场、街边商铺、宿舍和研究生办公室灰尘中以Cl-OPEs为主,其中TCIPP是主要污染物;在办公楼、家庭和教室中以Alkyl-OPEs为主,其中教室的主要污染物为TNBP和TCIPP,办公楼和家庭的主要污染物为TEHP.职业人群OPEs的主要暴露途径均为手口摄入,但是不同职业人群摄入OPEs的主要暴露源存在差异,生活环境室内灰尘是商场、街边商铺和地铁工作人员以及高校本科生的主要暴露源;工作/学习环境室内灰尘是办公室工作人员和高校研究生的主要暴露源.此外,在生活和工作/学习环境中,人类暴露于灰尘中OPEs的非致癌风险和致癌风险均在可接受范围内.
As a kind of emerging pollutants,the environmental pollution status and health risks of organophosphorus esters(OPEs)have been widely concerned at home and abroad.In this study,indoor dust samples were collected from 8 different microenvironments in Shanghai,including university microenvironments(classrooms,graduate offices and dormitories),office buildings,public microenvironments(shopping malls,shops and subway stations)and houses.The concentrations of 10 OPEs(TMPP,EHDPP,TPHP,TPPO,TBOEP,TNBP,TEHP,TCIPP,TDCIPP and TCEP)were determined by GC-MS,and the health risk for different occupations exposure to OPEs in dusts of living and working/studying environments was evaluated by the health risk assessment model recommended by the US EPA combined with the exposure parameters of the Chinese population.The results showed total concentrations of OPEs in dust samples ranged from 127 ng·g^(−1) to 16828 ng·g^(−1),and the total concentrations of OPEs in dust from graduate offices and office buildings were 1—2 orders of magnitude higher than that in other microenvironments.Cl-OPEs were the dominant predominant OPEs in dust samples of most microenvironments,including subway stations,shopping malls,shops,dormitories and graduate offices,and TCIPP was the predominant OPEs.Alkyl-OPEs were the dominant predominant OPEs in dust samples from office buildings,houses and classrooms,in which TNBP and TCIPP were the predominant OPEs in classrooms,while TEHP was the predominant OPEs both in office buildings and houses.Indoor dust ingestion is the main exposure route for different occupations exposure to OPEs,but the main exposure source of OPEs is varied among different occupations.Indoor dust of living environments is the main exposure source for population in shopping mall,shops,subway stations and undergraduates.Indoor dust of work/study environments is the main exposure source for office workers and postgraduates.In addition,both non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risks for different occupations exposure to OPEs in dusts of living and working/studying environments were within acceptable thresholds.
作者
周佳敏
赵静
韦旭
顾卫华
白建峰
ZHOU Jiamin;ZHAO Jing;WEI Xu;GU Weihua;BAI Jianfeng(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai,201209,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling,Shanghai,201209,China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期2317-2327,共11页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1906101)
长江水环境教育部重点实验室开放课题(YRWEF202106)资助.
关键词
有机磷酸酯
室内灰尘
污染特征
健康风险评价.
organophosphate esters
indoor dust
pollution characteristics
health risk assessment.
